Extraction of the Radioresistant Factor of Micrococcus radiodurans

Bruce, A. K.

doi:10.2307/3571706

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Hence, the active component apparently is a low molecular weight entity that does not discriminate between the proteome of E. coli and D. radiodurans. The radioresistance of several bacteria has been shown to correlate with intracellular Mn ++ /Fe ++ concentration ratios (10,(13)(14)(15). Hence, the protective components in extracts of D. radiodurans may include manganese complexes that attenuate the iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction, a major source of *OH radicals (13,14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein damage and death by radiation in Escherichia coli and Deinococcus radiodurans

Kriško

Radman

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

228

229

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Deinococcus radiodurans is among a small number of bacterial species that are extremely resistant to ionizing radiation, UV light, toxic chemicals, and desiccation. We measured proteome oxidation (i.e., protein carbonylation, PC) in D. radiodurans as well as in standard and evolved resistant strains of Escherichia coli exposed to ionizing radiation or UVC light and found a consistent correlation with cell killing. The unique quantitative relationship between incurred PC and cell death holds over the entire range of killing for all tested bacteria and for both lethal agents, meaning that both bacterial species are equally sensitive to PC. We show that the extraordinary robustness of D. radiodurans depends on efficient proteome protection (but not DNA protection) against constitutive and radiationinduced PC consisting of low molecular weight cytosolic compounds. Remarkably, experimental evolution of resistance to ionizing radiation in E. coli coevolves with protection against PC. The decline in biosynthetic efficacy of the cellular proteome, as measured by the loss of reproduction of undamaged bacteriophage λ in irradiated standard and evolved ionizing radiation-resistant E. coli, correlates with radiation-induced oxidative damage to host cells and their sensitivity to ionizing radiation. This correlation suggests that cell death by radiation is caused primarily by oxidative damage with consequential loss of maintenance activities including DNA repair.carbonylation | robustness | UV

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein damage and death by radiation in Escherichia coli and Deinococcus radiodurans

Kriško

Radman

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

228

229

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“…radiation. Some explanations have postulated that an intracellular carotenoid pigment (Kilburn, Bellamy & Terni, I 958) or a sulphydryl compound (Bruce, 1964;Bruce & Malchman, 1965) act as protectors. The isolation of non-pigmented mutants of M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isolation and Some Properties of Radiation-sensitive Mutants of Micrococcus radiodurans

Moseley

1967

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Iodoacetamide, which alkylates cysteine sulfhydryl groups, sensitizes D. radiodurans to ionizing radiation (134). Sulfhydryl-containing compounds that confer protection against gamma rays to E. coli were found in D. radiodurans extracts (77). However, extracts from stationary-phase cultures, while highly radioprotective, are devoid of sulfur compounds (549).…”

Section: Some Ramifications Of D Radiodurans Oxidative Stress Resistmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipoic acid and folates may also partake in the D. radiodurans arsenal of antioxidants (678). In addition, sulfhydryl-based antioxidants were proposed to contribute to D. radiodurans radioresistance (77). Iodoacetamide, which alkylates cysteine sulfhydryl groups, sensitizes D. radiodurans to ionizing radiation (134).…”

Section: Some Ramifications Of D Radiodurans Oxidative Stress Resistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Resistance inDeinococcus radiodurans

Slade

Radman

2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

659

639

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SUMMARY Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium best known for its capacity to repair massive DNA damage efficiently and accurately. It is extremely resistant to many DNA-damaging agents, including ionizing radiation and UV radiation (100 to 295 nm), desiccation, and mitomycin C, which induce oxidative damage not only to DNA but also to all cellular macromolecules via the production of reactive oxygen species. The extreme resilience of D. radiodurans to oxidative stress is imparted synergistically by an efficient protection of proteins against oxidative stress and an efficient DNA repair mechanism, enhanced by functional redundancies in both systems. D. radiodurans assets for the prevention of and recovery from oxidative stress are extensively reviewed here. Radiation- and desiccation-resistant bacteria such as D. radiodurans have substantially lower protein oxidation levels than do sensitive bacteria but have similar yields of DNA double-strand breaks. These findings challenge the concept of DNA as the primary target of radiation toxicity while advancing protein damage, and the protection of proteins against oxidative damage, as a new paradigm of radiation toxicity and survival. The protection of DNA repair and other proteins against oxidative damage is imparted by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems dominated by divalent manganese complexes. Given that oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species is associated with aging and cancer, a comprehensive outlook on D. radiodurans strategies of combating oxidative stress may open new avenues for antiaging and anticancer treatments. The study of the antioxidation protection in D. radiodurans is therefore of considerable potential interest for medicine and public health.

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Extraction of the Radioresistant Factor of Micrococcus radiodurans

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

Protein damage and death by radiation in Escherichia coli and Deinococcus radiodurans

Protein damage and death by radiation in Escherichia coli and Deinococcus radiodurans

The Isolation and Some Properties of Radiation-sensitive Mutants of Micrococcus radiodurans

Oxidative Stress Resistance inDeinococcus radiodurans

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