Extrauterine growth and adipocytokines in appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age preterm infants

Nagasaki, Hiraku; Ohta, Takao

doi:10.1111/ped.12896

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The results of the present study suggested that leptin may serve a role in growth control; however, leptin did not notably affect weigh. This finding is consistent with those of Nagasaki and Ohta (29), in which serum concentrations of leptin were not correlated with body weight at any time point in infants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of leptin on neurocognitive and motor functions in juvenile rats in a preterm brain damage model

Feng

Jiang

2018

Mol Med Report

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Preterm infants face lifelong disabilities, including learning disorders, as well as visual, auditory and behavioral problems. Recent studies have demonstrated that leptin, an adipocytokine encoded by a gene associated with obesity and expressed in adipose tissue, affects neurocognitive and motor function; however, the mechanisms of brain damage in preterm infants are unclear. In the present study, the neuroprotective effects of leptin in a rat model of preterm hypoxic‑ischemic brain damage were investigated. Rats (2‑days‑old) were subjected to brain damage (ligation of the common carotid artery followed by exposure to 6% oxygen for 2 h) and treated with vehicle (control) or leptin. Spatial memory was analyzed in the present study using the Morris water maze test 19 days following ligation. Over the 24‑day post‑surgical observation period, capture‑resistance test, forelimb suspension and open field tests were conducted to evaluate motor function and anxiety‑associated behavior. Treatment with leptin did not affect survival rate or body weight. Treatment with leptin increased the number of platform crossings in rats with premature brain damage in the Morris water maze test, which was used to assess spatial memory. Multivariate analysis revealed that leptin reduced the latency to finding the platform location, independent of gender and weight. In the capture‑resistance, forelimb suspension and open field tests, there were no differences between animals administered leptin and the sham group. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that leptin may alleviate spatial memory impairment resulting from premature brain damage, independent of gender or weight. These results may improve understanding of the neuroprotective effects exhibited by leptin in infants with preterm brain damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of leptin on neurocognitive and motor functions in juvenile rats in a preterm brain damage model

Feng

Jiang

2018

Mol Med Report

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“…Fasting blood samples were obtained before and one-month after surgery and stored at −80 °C until assayed. Plasma concentrations of total ghrelin, leptin and insulin were measured using a Bio-Plex 200™ suspension array system (BIO-RAD, Inc, Hercules, California, USA), according to the manufacturers' instructions (please see Supplementary Information-SI for detailed information) (Goldstone et al, 2014;Nagasaki and Ohta, 2015). We only assessed the association of peripheral hormones with brain activity during the fasting state.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced plasma ghrelin concentrations are associated with decreased brain reactivity to food cues after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

et al. 2019

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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The "hunger" hormone ghrelin regulates food-intake and preference for high-calorie (HC) food through modulation of the mesocortico-limbic dopaminergic pathway. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective bariatric surgery to treat morbid obesity. We tested the hypothesis that LSG-induced reductions in appetite and total ghrelin levels in blood are associated with reduced prefrontal brain reactivity to food cues. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) cue-reactivity task with HC and low-calorie (LC) food pictures was used to investigate brain reactivity in 22 obese participants tested before and one month after bariatric surgery (BS). Nineteen obese controls (Ctr) without surgery were also tested at baseline and one-month later. LSG significantly decreased (1) fasting plasma concentrations of total ghrelin, leptin and insulin, (2) craving for HC food, and (3) brain activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in response to HC vs. LC food cues (P FWE < 0.05). LSG-induced reduction in DLPFC activation to food cues were positively correlated with reduction in ghrelin levels and reduction in craving ratings for food. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) connectivity analyses showed that the right DLPFC had stronger connectivity with the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC) after LSG; and changes in BMI were negatively correlated with changes in connectivity between the right DLPFC and vACC in the LSG group only. These findings suggest that LSG-induced weightloss may be related to reductions in ghrelin, possibly leading to decreased food craving and hypothetically reducing DLPFC response to the HC food cues.

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“…However, the literature on the role of adipokines in regulating lipid metabolism and/or insulin sensibility in preterm children is limited [20]. Nagasaki et al [68] and Kistner et al [69] reported positive correlations between leptin and insulin concentrations in AGA preterm infants and premature children at the start of puberty, respectively. The authors suggested impaired fat mass accumulation in these subjects but have not evaluated the role of early postnatal growth in findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2020

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Adipose tissue programming could be developed in very preterm infants with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR), with an adverse impact on long-term metabolic status, as was studied in intrauterine growth restriction patterns. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the difference in levels of plasma adipokines in children with a history of EUGR. A total of 211 school age prepubertal children were examined: 38 with a history of prematurity and EUGR (EUGR), 50 with a history of prematurity with adequate growth (PREM), and 123 healthy children born at term. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, metabolic markers and adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin) were measured. Children with a history of EUGR showed lower values of adiponectin (μg/mL) compared with the other two groups: (EUGR: 10.6 vs. PREM: 17.7, p < 0.001; vs. CONTROL: 25.7, p = 0.004) and higher levels of resistin (ng/mL) (EUGR: 19.2 vs. PREM: 16.3, p =0.007; vs. CONTROL: 7.1, p < 0.001. The PREM group showed the highest values of leptin (ng/mL), compared with the others: PREM: 4.9 vs. EUGR: 2.1, p = 0.048; vs. CONTROL: 3.2, p = 0.029). In conclusion, EUGR in premature children could lead to a distinctive adipokines profile, likely associated with an early programming of the adipose tissue, and likely to increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life.

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Extrauterine growth and adipocytokines in appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age preterm infants

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of leptin on neurocognitive and motor functions in juvenile rats in a preterm brain damage model

Effects of leptin on neurocognitive and motor functions in juvenile rats in a preterm brain damage model

Reduced plasma ghrelin concentrations are associated with decreased brain reactivity to food cues after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

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