Fabrication and characterization of a biomimetic composite scaffold for bone defect repair

Abstract

For successful bone tissue engineering, scaffolds with tailored properties are a basic requirement. The combination of different available materials not only appears to be desirable but also very challenging. In this study, a composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite and collagen was produced by a biomimetic precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Subsequently, a suspension-quick-freezing and lyophilization method was used to incorporate the hydroxyapatite into a polymeric matrix consisting of collagen and chitosan. Before physicochemical characterization, the highly porous scaffolds were consolidated by a dehydrothermal treatment (DHT). The main attention was focused on the particle size of hydroxyapatite, which should be in the nanometer range. This is relevant to achieve a homogeneous resorption of the material by osteoclasts. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) were used to evaluate the outcome. The results suggest a successful polymeric embedding of nanoscaled hydroxyapatite particles into the matrix of the spongy construct. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.

The influence of Aloe vera with mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp on bone regeneration: characterization and treatment of non-critical defects of the tibia in rats

“…SCs in bone reconstitute the presence of a biocompatible, resorbable, radiolucent, and porous support material with osteoconductive capability that is necessary. 19 Collagen sponges are currently used in various therapeutic practices due to their high availability, secure purification, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. 20 Additionally, their use as a “scaffold” in bone defects has shown positive results whether they are colonized with SCs or not.…”

Collagen/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Based Synthetic Bone Grafts via Dehydrothermal Processing

“…After the addition of β -TCP, the slurry mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at a speed of 250 rpm. The slurry was casted into a Teflon mold (dimensions 5 mm × 25 mm × 100 mm) and stored at −80°C for 3 hours [ 14 ]. Subsequently, the frozen mixture was lyophilized to obtain a porous collagen/ β -TCP composite.…”

Intrafibrillar Collagen Mineralization Produced by Biomimetic Hierarchical Nanoapatite Assembly

“…[12–23] These studies have successfully demonstrated deposition of calcium phosphate minerals within a collagen matrix and contributed significantly to the understanding of biomimetic collagen mineralization. Nevertheless, the ability to replicate the intricate patterns of the nanocrystalline assembly at the intrafibrillar level has been elusive.…”