Collagen, gelatin and their derived polypeptides can act as multifunctional natural polymers with excellent physicochemical properties for biomedical applications. The use of electrospinning technology can convert collagen materials into nanofibrous materials that exhibit porous micro-nanostructures with good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility profiles. In this chapter, a systematic review of collagen electrospinning is presented and related applications are introduced including tissue engineering (e.g., artificial skin, artificial vasculature, cartilage repair, etc.), drug delivery, hemostatic dressings, periodontal restoration, biofilms, and wound dressings will now be discussed.