Fabrication of novel PLA/CDHA bionanocomposite fibers for tissue engineering applications via electrospinning

Abstract

The main theme here is to fabricate PLA (poly lactic-acid)/CDHA (carbonated calcium deficient hydroxyapatite) bionanocomposites, where both the constituents are biocompatible and biodegradable with one dimension in nanometer scale. Such materials are important in tissue engineering applications. The bionanocomposite fibers were fabricated via electrospinning. There are two important signatures of this paper. First, CDHA, rather than HA, is added to PLA as the second phase. As opposed to HA, CDHA mimics the bone mineral composition better and is biodegradable. Therefore, PLA/CDHA fibers should have better biodegradability while maintaining a physiological pH during degradation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of electrospinning of such a composite. Second, the CDHA nanoparticles were synthesized using the benign low temperature biomimetic technique, the only route available for the retention of carbonate ions in the HA lattice. The structural properties, degradation behavior, bioactivity, cell adhesion, and growth capability of as-fabricated PLA/CDHA bionanocomposites were investigated. The results show that the incorporation of CDHA decreased PLA fiber diameters, accelerated PLA degradation, buffered pH decrease caused by PLA degradation, improved the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the scaffold. These results prove that PLA/CDHA bionanocomposites have the potential in tissue regeneration applications.

Deposition of PLA/CDHA composite coating via electrospraying

“…As opposed to pure HA, CDHA is biodegradable because of the presence of trace elements and the amorphous crystal structure. The crystal domain size of CDHA precipitates was similar to deproteinated bone apatite, this is quantitatively confirmed by the similarity of the two crystal domain sizes at 210 and 213 Å, respectively [14,17].…”

“…CDHA is an important compound among CaP materials because of its similarity to the mineral component of bone, which is composed of poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) with small amounts of elements such as sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), and carbonate (CO 3 2À ) present in the lattice structure [14][15][16]. As opposed to pure HA, CDHA is biodegradable because of the presence of trace elements and the amorphous crystal structure.…”

Fabrication of PEO/chitosan/PCL/olive oil nanofibrous scaffolds for wound dressing applications

“…Electrospun nanofibers due to the high porosity and large specific surface (area to volume ratio) with small pore size have a good potential for the biomedical applications [1,2]. In recent years, biocompatible nanofibers have been developed for different applications such as drug delivery systems [3][4][5][6], tissue engineering [7][8][9][10], wound dressing [11][12][13][14] and biomedical applications [15,16].…”

Fabrication and characterization of electrospun polylactide/β-tricalcium phosphate hybrid meshes for potential applications in hard tissue repair

“…Experiments have proven that the mechanical as well as biological performance of those bioactive hybrid materials can be efficiently controlled through using different particulate inorganic fillers and also through varying the amount of filler materials in the composite [24,25]. Examples for recently reported hybrid material combinations are poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/aTCP [26], poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLL)/aTCP [27], polylactide/DCPA [28], PDLL/HA [29] or polylactide/ CDHA [30].…”