Fabrication of polyethylene glycol hydrogels with enhanced swelling; loading capacity and release kinetics

Zahra, Qandeel; Minhas, Muhammad Usman; Khan, Samiullah; Wu, Pao‐Chu; Suhail, Muhammad; Iqbal, Rabia; Bashir, Madiha

doi:10.1007/s00289-021-03740-8

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hence, the Soxhlet extraction process was conducted for all formulations of developed hydrogels. A weighed amount of dried discs of the hydrogels (A 1 ) was accurately taken and immersed in a round-bottom flask (containing deionized distilled water) connected with a condenser at 85 °C for 12 h. After 12 h, the hydrogel disc was extracted and placed in the vacuum oven at 40 °C until a constant weight (A 2 ) was obtained [ 68 ]. The following equations were used for sol-gel analysis:

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization of pH-Responsive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Suhail

Hsieh

Shao

et al. 2021

Gels

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Ketorolac tromethamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the management of severe pain. The half-life of Ketorolac tromethamine is within the range of 2.5–4 h. Hence, repeated doses of Ketorolac tromethamine are needed in a day to maintain the therapeutic level. However, taking several doses of Ketorolac tromethamine in a day generates certain complications, such as acute renal failure and gastrointestinal ulceration. Therefore, a polymeric-controlled drug delivery system is needed that could prolong the release of Ketorolac tromethamine. Therefore, in the current study, pH-responsive carbopol 934/sodium polystyrene sulfonate-co-poly(acrylic acid) (CP/SpScPAA) hydrogels were developed by the free radical polymerization technique for the controlled release of Ketorolac tromethamine. Monomer acrylic acid was crosslinked with the polymers carbopol 934 and sodium polystyrene sulfonate by the cross-linker N′,N′-methylene bisacrylamide. Various studies were conducted to evaluate and assess the various parameters of the fabricated hydrogels. The compatibility of the constituents used in the preparation of hydrogels was confirmed by FTIR analysis, whereas the thermal stability of the unreacted polymers and developed hydrogels was analyzed by TGA and DSC, respectively. A smooth and porous surface was indicated by SEM. The crystallinity of carbopol 934, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, and the prepared hydrogels was evaluated by PXRD, which revealed a reduction in the crystallinity of reactants for the developed hydrogels. The pH sensitivity of the polymeric hydrogel networks was confirmed by dynamic swelling and in vitro release studies with two different pH media i.e., pH 1.2 and 7.4, respectively. Maximum swelling was exhibited at pH 7.4 compared to pH 1.2 and, likewise, a greater percent drug release was perceived at pH 7.4. Conclusively, we can demonstrate that the developed pH-sensitive hydrogel network could be employed as a suitable carrier for the controlled delivery of Ketorolac tromethamine.

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…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization of pH-Responsive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Suhail

Hsieh

Shao

et al. 2021

Gels

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“…The peaks at 2927 cm −1 (-CH 2 groups), 1672 cm −1 (C=O groups), 1454 cm −1 (C-N groups in CONH 2 ) indicate the successful synthesis of PAM. For the spectrum of P(AM-co-AA), three new feature peaks are found at 1560 and 1544 cm −1 (asymmetric stretching of C=O groups in COONa), 1166 cm −1 (stretching vibration of C-O groups), 920 cm −1 (deformation vibration stretching of O-H groups in dimer carboxylic acid), revealing the copolymerization between acrylamide and acrylic acid [14][15][16][17]. Moreover, the peaks of O-H groups and COONa groups strengthen gradually with the increase content of acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA).…”

Section: Characterization Of Poly (Acrylic Acid-co-acrylamide)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that the flame retardant with strong polarity and hydrophilicity improves the degree of cross-linking of the copolymer, at the same time a large number of hydroxyl groups are introduced into the copolymer, which helps form more hydrogen bonds [19]. In addition, when the temperature increases to 350-800 • C, the decomposition of carboxyl, ammonium, and urea promote the formation of molten char and creates a high-quality char layer on the surface of the fireproof glass, thus protecting the backside fireproof glass from heat and decomposition [14,15]. In summary, the introduction of P(AM-co-AA) with an appropriate mass ratio of AM to AA could increase the water retention properties and residual weight of the hydrogels, resulting in excellent thermal stability and a char-forming effect [26].…”

Section: Thermal Stability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymers 2021, 13, 3668 2 of 15 Fireproof glass is a special glass for maintaining the integrity and heat insulation in the prescribed fire resistance test, which can be divided into monolithic fireproof glass and composite fireproof glass with flame retardant lamination. Composite fireproof glass, which is prepared by embedding the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel interlayer between pieces of glass, has drawn more attention due to its excellent fire-resistant and heat insulation performance [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) on the Fire Resistance and Anti-Aging Properties of Transparent Flame-Retardant Hydrogel Applied in Fireproof Glass

2021

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Poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) (P(AM-co-AA)) was synthesized via the copolymerization of acrylamide and acrylic acid and well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Afterward, the obtained P(AM-co-AA) was blended with flame retardants to prepare transparent flame-retardant hydrogel applied in the fireproof glass. The influence of poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) on fire resistance and anti-aging properties of the transparent flame-retardant hydrogels were studied by assorted analysis methods. The optical transparency analysis shows that the light transmittance of the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel gradually decreases with the decreasing mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA). Heat insulation testing shows that the heat insulation performance of fireproof glass applying the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel firstly decreases and then increases with decreasing mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA). When the mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid is 1:2, the obtained P(AM-co-AA) endows the resulting flame-retardant hydrogel applied in fireproof glass with the lowest light transmittance of 81.3% and lowest backside temperature of 131.4 °C at 60 min among the samples, which is attributed to the formation of a more dense and expanded char to prevent the heat transfer during combustion, as supported by the digital photos of char residues. The results of TG analysis indicate that P(AM-co-AA) imparts high thermal stability to the resulting hydrogels due to the hydrogen bonds between carboxyl and amide groups. The accelerated aging test shows that the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel containing P(AM-co-AA) is less affected by aging conditions. Especially, when the mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA) is 4:1, the resulting transparent flame-retardant hydrogel shows a light transmittance of 82.9% and backside temperature of 173.1 °C at 60 min after 7 aging cycles, exhibiting the best comprehensive properties among the samples.

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“…Dynamic swelling was performed for all formulations of the hydrogel to assess the effect of pH on the sensitive nature of the developed hydrogels. A weighed quantity of dried hydrogels discs (S1) was immersed in both acidic and basic media (pH 1.2 and pH 7.4) at 37 • C. Swollen discs of hydrogel (S2) were taken out at various time intervals until no change in weight with time was detected [78,79]. Dynamic swelling was calculated by the following equations:…”

Section: Dynamic Swelling Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and In Vitro Evaluation of pH-Sensitive Polymeric Hydrogels as Controlled Release Carriers

Suhail

Fang

Khan

et al. 2021

Gels

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The purpose of the current investigation was to develop chondroitin sulfate/carbopol-co-poly(acrylic acid) (CS/CBP-co-PAA) hydrogels for controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium (DS). Different concentrations of polymers chondroitin sulfate (CS), carbopol 934 (CBP), and monomer acrylic acid (AA) were cross-linked by ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA) in the presence of ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) (initiator). The fabricated hydrogels were characterized for further experiments. Characterizations such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to understand the surface morphology, thermodynamic stability, crystallinity of the drug, ingredients, and developed hydrogels. The swelling and drug release studies were conducted at two different pH mediums (pH 1.2 and 7.4), and pH-dependent swelling and drug release was shown due to the presence of functional groups of both polymers and monomers; hence, greater swelling and drug release was observed at the higher pH (pH 7.4). The percent drug release of the developed system and commercially available product cataflam was compared and high controlled release of the drug from the developed system was observed at both low and high pH. The mechanism of drug release from the hydrogels followed Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Conclusively, the current research work demonstrated that the prepared hydrogel could be considered as a suitable candidate for controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium.

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Fabrication of polyethylene glycol hydrogels with enhanced swelling; loading capacity and release kinetics

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization of pH-Responsive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Formulation and In-Vitro Characterization of pH-Responsive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Effect of Poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) on the Fire Resistance and Anti-Aging Properties of Transparent Flame-Retardant Hydrogel Applied in Fireproof Glass

Fabrication and In Vitro Evaluation of pH-Sensitive Polymeric Hydrogels as Controlled Release Carriers

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