Fabrication of strongly adherent platinum black coatings on microelectrodes array

Tang, Rongyu; Chen, SanYuan; Zhao, Hui; Chen, Yuanfang; Han, Yifeng; Wang, ChunLan; Chen, Hongda

doi:10.1007/s11432-013-4825-6

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many different methods have therefore been developed to reduce the impedance of the electrodes, including electro-plating and the use of charge carrying polymers [ 43 , 64 ]. However, such coatings are not always physically stable [ 65 , 66 ] resulting in alterations of impedance not related to for example degree of glial scarring. In the present study, we developed a simple and robust method, employing high-power UV laser, to enlarge the surface area of the recording sites without significantly increasing their geometrical surface area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded Ultrathin Cluster Electrodes for Long-Term Recordings in Deep Brain Centers

et al. 2016

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Neural interfaces which allow long-term recordings in deep brain structures in awake freely moving animals have the potential of becoming highly valuable tools in neuroscience. However, the recording quality usually deteriorates over time, probably at least partly due to tissue reactions caused by injuries during implantation, and subsequently micro-forces due to a lack of mechanical compliance between the tissue and neural interface. To address this challenge, we developed a gelatin embedded neural interface comprising highly flexible electrodes and evaluated its long term recording properties. Bundles of ultrathin parylene C coated platinum electrodes (N = 29) were embedded in a hard gelatin based matrix shaped like a needle, and coated with Kollicoat™ to retard dissolution of gelatin during the implantation. The implantation parameters were established in an in vitro model of the brain (0.5% agarose). Following a craniotomy in the anesthetized rat, the gelatin embedded electrodes were stereotactically inserted to a pre-target position, and after gelatin dissolution the electrodes were further advanced and spread out in the area of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The performance of the implanted electrodes was evaluated under anesthesia, during 8 weeks. Apart from an increase in the median-noise level during the first 4 weeks, the electrode impedance and signal-to-noise ratio of single-units remained stable throughout the experiment. Histological postmortem analysis confirmed implantation in the area of STN in most animals. In conclusion, by combining novel biocompatible implantation techniques and ultra-flexible electrodes, long-term neuronal recordings from deep brain structures with no significant deterioration of electrode function were achieved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded Ultrathin Cluster Electrodes for Long-Term Recordings in Deep Brain Centers

et al. 2016

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“…Briefly, the MEAs consisted of 60 ITO (Indium Tin dioxide, ITO-B008, Kaivo Ltd.) thin film electrodes with a 30 μm diameter, mounted on a 5 × 5 cm glass substrate and insulated with SU-8 2002 (MicroChem). Each electrode was coated with a fuzzy gold/platinum black hybrid layer, as described previously 42 . The electrodes were arranged in a 6 × 10 pattern on a 200 μm grid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Assessment Reveals Parameters-Dependent Modulation on Excitability and Functional Connectivity of Cerebellar Slice by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Tang

Zhang

Weng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly common technique used to selectively modify neural excitability and plasticity. There is still controversy concerning the cortical response to rTMS of different frequencies. In this study, a novel in vitro paradigm utilizing the Multi-Electrodes Array (MEA) system and acute cerebellar slicing is described. In a controllable environment that comprises perfusion, incubation, recording and stimulation modules, the spontaneous single-unit spiking activity in response to rTMS of different frequencies and powers was directly measured and analyzed. Investigation using this in vitro paradigm revealed frequency-dependent modulation upon the excitability and functional connectivity of cerebellar slices. The 1-Hz rTMS sessions induced short-term inhibition or lagged inhibition, whereas 20-Hz sessions induced excitation. The level of modulation is influenced by the value of power. However the long-term response fluctuated without persistent direction. The choice of evaluation method may also interfere with the interpretation of modulation direction. Furthermore, both short-term and long-term functional connectivity was strengthened by 1-Hz rTMS and weakened by 20-Hz rTMS.

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“…reported by Park et al [14] using 3D structures and Marrese et al [15] introducing platinum black for modification of the topography. The latter method provides an impedance reduction of more than one order of magnitude, however, practical applicability of Pt-black is limited as consequence of the low mechanical stability [16][17][18]. In addition, Pt-black has been reported to cause cytotoxic reactions if traces of lead, used in the electrolyte during fabrication, elute from the final coating in vivo [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured platinum grass enables superior impedance reduction for neural microelectrodes

2015

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Micro-sized electrodes are essential for highly sensitive communication at the neural interface with superior spatial resolution. However, such small electrodes inevitably suffer from high electrical impedance and thus high levels of thermal noise deteriorating the signal to noise ratio. In order to overcome this problem, a nanostructured Pt-coating was introduced as add-on functionalization for impedance reduction of small electrodes. In comparison to platinum black deposition, all used chemicals in the deposition process are free from cytotoxic components. The grass-like nanostructure was found to reduce the impedance by almost two orders of magnitude compared to untreated samples which was lower than what could be achieved with conventional electrode coatings like IrOx or PEDOT. The realization of the Pt-grass coating is performed via a simple electrochemical process which can be applied to virtually any possible electrode type and accordingly shows potential as a universal impedance reduction strategy. Elution tests revealed non-toxicity of the Pt-grass and the coating was found to exhibit strong adhesion to the metallized substrate.

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Fabrication of strongly adherent platinum black coatings on microelectrodes array

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Embedded Ultrathin Cluster Electrodes for Long-Term Recordings in Deep Brain Centers

Embedded Ultrathin Cluster Electrodes for Long-Term Recordings in Deep Brain Centers

In Vitro Assessment Reveals Parameters-Dependent Modulation on Excitability and Functional Connectivity of Cerebellar Slice by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Nanostructured platinum grass enables superior impedance reduction for neural microelectrodes

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