Facial attractiveness: Ranking of end-of-treatment facial photographs by pairs of Chinese and US orthodontists

Xu, Tianmin; Korn, Edward L.; Liu, Yan; Oh, Hee Soo; Lee, Ki Heon; Boyd, Robert L.; Baumrind, Sheldon

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.08.023

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Our previous study, which was concerned with ranking of facial attractiveness by pairs of Chinese and US orthodontists, also shared the same level of agreement between pairs of judges. 10 Based on the assumption that average faces are attractive and that average facial proportions could provide a basis for quantitative assessment of facial esthetics, orthodontic society believes that neither higher nor lower values for the cephalometric measures would tend to be associated with high Photo Attractiveness Ranks, and average values are considered to be ideal. Although recent studies reported that average faces were not the particularly attractive ones, they did attract people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Cephalometric Measures and End-of-Treatment Facial Attractiveness

Bai

Xue

et al. 2016

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Sixty-nine experienced Chinese orthodontists evaluated 108 Chinese patients' facial attractiveness from set of photographs (frontal, lateral, and frontal smiling photos) taken at the end of orthodontic treatment. These 108 patients, which contained an equal number of patients with Class I, II, and III malocclusion, were randomly selected from 6 orthodontic treatment centers throughout China. Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients (rs) analyses were performed to examine agreement in ranking between all judge pairs. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were performed to examine the correlation between cephalometric measures and end-of-treatment Photo Attractiveness Rank.96.68% judge pairs showed moderate correlated (+0.4 ≤ rs < +0.7) subjective rankings. Cephalometric measures significantly correlated with end-of-treatment Photo Attractiveness Rank included interincisal angle (r = 0.330, P < 0.05), L1/MP° (r = 0.386, P < 0.05), L1-NBmm (r = 0.451, P < 0.01), L1/NB° (r = 0.374, P < 0.05), and profile angle (r = 0.353, P < 0.05) in Class I patients with an explained variance of 32.8%, and ANB angle (r = 0.432, P < 0.01), angle of convexity (r = 0.448, P < 0.01), profile angle (r = 0.488, P < 0.01), Li to E-line (r = 0.374, P < 0.05), Li to B-line (r = 0.543, P < 0.01), and Z angle (r = 0.543, P < 0.01) in Class II patient with an explained variance of 43.3%.There was less association than expected between objective measurements on the lateral cephalograms and clinicians' rankings of facial attractiveness on clinical photography in Chinese patients. Straight-stand lower incisor was desired for facial attractiveness of Class I malocclusion; and sagittal relationship and lip prominence influence the esthetics of Class II malocclusion in Chinese population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Cephalometric Measures and End-of-Treatment Facial Attractiveness

Bai

Xue

et al. 2016

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Evaluation of aesthetics, especially those of women's faces, is a nearly identical cross-cultural and cross-gender phenomenon 15,24 . Since the routine use of orthognathic surgery, several studies have been focused on the improvement of aesthetics and the enhancement of the psychosocial wellbeing of patients with dysgnathia in terms of their self-assessment 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial aesthetics and the assignment of personality traits before and after orthognathic surgery

Sinko¹,

Jagsch

Beneš

et al. 2012

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…30,31,32,33,34 Xu et al 30 used the Pearson correlation test to assess agreement and disagreement among pairs of Chinese and US orthodontists. They found that the correlations ranged from +0.004 to +0.96 with a median of +0.54.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Spearman correlation results for PH in this study were similar to those of serial studies of facial attractiveness. 30,31 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability assessment and correlation analysis of evaluating orthodontic treatment outcome in Chinese patients

et al. 2013

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This study aimed to assess the reliability of experienced Chinese orthodontists in evaluating treatment outcome and to determine the correlations between three diagnostic information sources. Sixty-nine experienced Chinese orthodontic specialists each evaluated the outcome of orthodontic treatment of 108 Chinese patients. Three different information sources: study casts (SC), lateral cephalometric X-ray images (LX) and facial photographs (PH) were generated at the end of treatment for 108 patients selected randomly from six orthodontic treatment centers throughout China. Six different assessments of treatment outcome were made by each orthodontist using data from the three information sources separately and in combination. Each assessment included both ranking and grading for each patient. The rankings of each of the 69 judges for the 108 patients were correlated with the rankings of each of the other judges yielding 13 873 Spearman rs values, ranging from –0.08 to +0.85. Of these, 90% were greater than 0.4, showing moderate-to-high consistency among the 69 orthodontists. In the combined evaluations, study casts were the most significant predictive component (R2=0.86, P<0.000 1), while the inclusion of lateral cephalometric films and facial photographs also contributed to a more comprehensive assessment (R2=0.96, P<0.000 1). Grading scores for SC+LX and SC+PH were highly significantly correlated with those for SC+LX+PH (r(SC+LX)vs.(SC+LX+PH)=0.96, r(SC+PH)vs.(SC+LX+PH)=0.97), showing that either SC+LX or SC+PH is an excellent substitute for all three combined assessment.

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Facial attractiveness: Ranking of end-of-treatment facial photographs by pairs of Chinese and US orthodontists

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Correlation Between Cephalometric Measures and End-of-Treatment Facial Attractiveness

Correlation Between Cephalometric Measures and End-of-Treatment Facial Attractiveness

Facial aesthetics and the assignment of personality traits before and after orthognathic surgery

Reliability assessment and correlation analysis of evaluating orthodontic treatment outcome in Chinese patients

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