rapid detection technique for the future of home healthcare, mobile healthcare, and public health security. [4] At present, POCTs mainly use conventional lateral flow assays (LFAs) and electrochemical biosensors (such as blood glucose meter) for biosensing. [4,5] To promote the wider application of POCT, new sensing components are expected to appear. Plasmonic nano-biosensor, which stems from the interaction of light and metal nanostructures, is an advancing and promising optical sensor for ultrasensitive, ultrahighspatial-resolution and label-free biodetection. Plasmonic biosensors are mainly divided into propagating surface plasmon resonance (PSPR) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors. PSPR arises from the interaction between incident light and a planar metal surface; LSPR confines light to metal nanostructures that are smaller than the wavelength of light, thereby enabling the measurement of the dielectric changes near the metallic surface. [6] Compared with commercially available PSPR sensors, LSPR sensors are simple, cost effective, easy to integrate into miniaturized devices, and suitable for measuring changes in local refractive index (RI) caused by the adsorption of target molecules. [4] Since RI is related to the dielectric property of the environment near the metal nanostructures, LSPR sensors can realize RI biosensing in a convenient way. LSPR nano-biosensors are expected to be easily integrated into miniaturized devices for POCT. Due to the high sensitivity of LSPR biosensor and its possibility to achieve full automation, as therefore to attain time-saving and avoid human error, the integration of LSPR biosensors into portable devices will promote the wider applications of POCT for enhanced healthcare (e.g., on-site diagnosis, personalized medicine, wearable devices, etc.), higher public security (e.g., antiterrorism), environmental monitoring, and food safety. [7][8][9] The evolving of LSPR biosensing into POCT mainly involves four core requirements (Figure 1): i) sensing nanosubstrates with high RI sensitivity; ii) detection strategies to realize specific detection; iii) integrated microfluidic chips for sample pretreatment and multiplex analysis, and iv) portable POCT devices to perform automated and easy-to-use biodetections. Through the advances on plasmonics and nanofabrication in the last few years, highly sensitive as well as large-area producible nanosubstrates for LSPR biosensing have been developed. [10][11][12] In the meanwhile, high specificity and strong anti-interference Next-generation healthcare equipment and devices are in great demand for point-of-care testing (POCT), in view of their applications in rapid disease diagnosis, personalized medicine, portable or mobile health care, nontechnician assays, etc. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors, which are based on noble-metal nanostructures and which provide fast, realtime, nonlabeled, and sensitive biochemical detections, have become one of the leading candidates for POCT. The advances in nanofabr...