Facile synthesis and characterization of Bi₁₃S₁₈I₂films as a stable supercapacitor electrode material

Abstract

Electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) featuring low-cost and solution-processable electrode materials have attracted significant research interest for their green and economical applications in energy harvesting and storage devices. Here, we demonstrate a novel synthetic route for films of an underexplored 3-D hexagonal bismuth chalcohalide, Bi 13 S 18 I 2 , and investigate its potential as the active electrode material in EDLC-type supercapacitors. The synthetic procedure has been optimised and comprises the lowest annealing temperature (150 C) and the shortest processing time (1 h) currently reported. When integrated in a symmetrical EDLC with an aqueous NaClO 4 electrolyte, the Bi 13 S 18 I 2 -based device achieves a remarkable areal capacitance of 210.68 mF cm À2 with 99.7% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. Both the Bi 13 S 18 I 2 powder and thin-film electrodes have been characterized through XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM. The superior stability, low-cost, and facile synthesis of Bi 13 S 18 I 2 proves its promising potential for supercapacitor applications.

High Gain Solution‐Processed Carbon‐Free BiSI Chalcohalide Thin Film Photodetectors

“…Several notable properties include compositionally tunable bandgaps, [ 1 ] either p‐type or n‐type conductivity, [ 2 ] ferroelectricity, [ 3 ] crystal facet dependent photocatalytic activity, [ 4 ] and photoconductivity. [ 3a,5 ] These favorable properties have led to various applications for this class of materials, such as hard radiation detectors, [ 6 ] supercapacitors, [ 7 ] batteries, [ 8 ] photovoltaic devices, [ 1c,9 ] and perhaps most prevalent, (BiOI) photocatalysts. [ 10 ] Within the chalcohalide family of materials, bismuth chalcohalides, of the general chemical formula BiXY (X = chalcogen; Y = halide), are the most intriguing.…”

Thiourea Bismuth Iodide: Crystal Structure, Characterization and High Performance as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

“…In contrast, the solution‐processing results in higher surface coverage while minimizing the aggregation. The advantage of using a solution‐processed electrode preparation method has also been investigated and proven in our previous work . This enhanced coverage of TBI crystallites is anticipated to increase the charge storage ability, and therefore improve the capacitance of the device.…”

Capacitors Consisting of an Aqueous Electrolyte of the Widest Potential Window —Development towards the Recovery of Regenerating Energy of Automobiles—

“…Recently, a number of papers were concerned for the development of capacitor using aqueous electrolytes. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Kondo and Yuasa et al 4 used SSPAS as an electrolyte for the capacitor containing boron-doped diamond powders to determine the energy density of approximately 20 Wh/kg. In a paper by Chinese Academy of Science, various aqueous electrolytes were compared with organic ones based on the costs as well as the electro-chemical performances of these electrolytes.…”