Facile synthesis of mesoporous Mn3O4 nanotubes and their excellent performance for lithium-ion batteries

An acid-treated reduced graphene oxide/Mn3O4 nanorod nanocomposite as an enhanced anode material for lithium ion batteries

“…5a, c and e. In the rst cycle of the Mn 3 O 4 NR electrode, a broad cathodic peak in the range of 0.5-1.9 V was observed and disappeared in the following cycles, which is ascribed to the formation of solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) due to the electrolyte decomposition 43 and the reduction of Mn 3 O 4 (Mn 3+ ) to MnO (Mn 2+ ). 16 In addition, the strong cathodic peak centered at 0.035 V is attributed to the reduction of MnO (Mn 2+ ) to Mn (Mn 0 ). Aer the rst cycle, the reduction peak shis from 0.035 to ca.…”

“…13,[44][45][46][47] The anodic peak at 1.3 V corresponds to the oxidation of Mn to MnO. 16 For the Mn 3 O 4 NR electrode, this peak intensity decreases drastically which means the poor reversibility. As shown in the the SEI formation and the initial reduction of Mn 3 O 4 to MnO.…”

“…Furthermore, manganese has many advantages such as low discharge potential, high abundance, low cost, low toxicity. [15][16][17][18][19][20] In the light of the properties of manganese, Mn 3 O 4 possesses a great potential as a promising anode material for LIBs. However, this anode material still suffers from large volume expansion, pulverization, poor electrical conductivity ($10 À7 to 10 À8 S cm À1 ) and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation during Li insertion/extraction.…”

“…13,15,[20][21][22] To overcome the above disadvantages, many new researches have been attempted in order to tackle these problems, for example Mn 3 O 4 with the conductive carbon surface, composites with graphene or CNTs, mesoporous Mn 3 O 4 nanotubes and sponge-like Mn 3 O 4 nanostructures. 12,15,16,[23][24][25][26][27][28] Carbon materials, such as amorphous carbon, carbon nanobers and carbon nanotubes, have proved to be a useful strategy to improve the cycling stability and the overall capacity of the transition metal oxides in LIBs because of their unique buffering ability. Recently, graphene, a single-atom-thick and two-dimensional sheet of carbon, has been suggested as the potential matrix to support transition metal oxides because of its good electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, and high specic surface area.…”

Formation of Mn3O4 nanobelts through the solvothermal process and their photocatalytic property

“…With regard to Mn 3 O 4 material properties, aside from their chemical composition, both nanostructures inclusive of morphology and particle size distribution play an important role for improving the surface area and reaction activity (Song et al, 2013). In order to prepare one-dimensional Mn 3 O 4 nanomaterials with favorable morphology, small particle size and uniform particle size distribution such as nanorods, nanowires, nanofibers and nanotubes, various methods were utilized, including oxidation of manganese chloride by sodium hydroxide , solid-state decomposition of exfoliated MnO 2 nanosheets (Lee and Jung, 2012), soft chemistry templating process using a block copolymer Tan et al, 2011), electrospined technique (Shao et al, 2004) and hydrogen reduction of b-MnO 2 nanotubes under a H 2 /Ar atmosphere (Bai et al, 2013). However, the exploration of microemulsion route for the synthesis Mn 3 O 4 nanocrystals was recently attempted for preparing a poor phase of belt-like morphology (Wang et al, 2003).…”