Facing a real person: an event-related potential study

Pönkänen, Laura M.; Hietanen, Jari K.; Peltola, Mikko J.; Kauppinen, P.; Haapalainen, Antti M.; Leppänen, Jukka

doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3282f7c4d3

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Attention direction adaptation (Teufel et al, 2009) and automatic attention shifts by head orientation cues (Teufel et al, 2010a) has shown to be modulated depending on whether the participants were lead to believe that the other person was capable of seeing them or not via a video-link. Compatible with our previous propositions : Pönkänen et al, 2008, Teufel et al (2010b) proposed that mental-state attributions could modulate even the basic perceptual processing of social stimuli. Thus, the lack of the measured affective and motivational physiological responses to face pictures in the present as well as in our previous study (Hietanen et al, 21 2008) may reflect the effects of mental-state attributions already at the early stage perceptual processing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Notably, in many of these studies (i.e., Conty et al, 2007;Mason et al, 2005;Sato et al, 2008;Schilbach et al, 2006) discrimination of gaze direction or some other explicit task related to face categorization was employed. In our aforementioned studies, instead, the faces were observed without a concomitant task Pönkänen et al, in press;Pönkänen et al, 2008). Thus, the question arises, whether the lack of a task, related to the gaze direction or not, might have contributed to the lack of gaze direction effects in the picture presentation mode in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…These stimuli have been presented in two conditions, as pictures on a computer monitor and "live", referring here to a condition in which the stimulus person has been physically present and has shown his/her face through a computer-controlled liquid crystal (LC) window (e.g., Hietanen et al, 2008). The results have shown greater visual event-related potentials (ERPs) to a human face vs. a dummy face (Pönkänen et al, 2008) and to a direct vs. an averted gaze (Pönkänen et al, in press), but only when the faces have been presented live through the LC window. In addition to these early-stage neurocognitive responses, Hietanen et al (2008) showed that seeing another person's direct and averted gaze activates the motivational approach-avoidance brain systems, respectively, indicated by asymmetrical alpha power distribution in the frontal electroencephalography (EEG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The observer observed: Frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic responses differentiate between another person's direct and averted gaze when the face is seen live

Pönkänen

Peltola

Hietanen

2011

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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107

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Recently, we showed that another person's gaze direction influenced the perceiver's frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic arousal in response to freely viewed real faces, but not in response to face pictures. However, the lack of a task during the viewing may have resulted in less attention allocation to face pictures vs. live faces. In the present study, the participants performed two online tasks while viewing the faces presented live through an electronic shutter and as pictures on a computer screen. The results replicated those from our previous experiment showing that direct gaze elicited greater relative left-sided frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic arousal than averted gaze but, again, only in the live condition. However, the results also showed that two live stimulus faces (male and female) elicited differential EEG asymmetry responses in our participants (all females), and the effects of gaze direction were observed only for the (live) female faces. The results suggest that the discriminative responses to live faces vs. pictures are likely to reflect the participants' enhanced mental-state attributions and self-awareness when looking at and being looked by live faces. Thus, the motivation-and affect-related psychophysiological responses to gaze direction are most discriminative in the presence of another person, regardless of whether the face/gaze is actively monitored or not.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The observer observed: Frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic responses differentiate between another person's direct and averted gaze when the face is seen live

Pönkänen

Peltola

Hietanen

2011

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Self Cite

107

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“…Importantly, the mere presence or even assumed presence of other people changes the way the human brain processes sensory input. For example, early electrophysiological responses to faces are larger when the observers see the face of a real person, rather than the face of a dummy [35]. Similarly, interaction with 'live' rather than recorded persons elicits stronger brain responses [36].…”

Section: Contextual Effects In Social Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attending to and neglecting people: bridging neuroscience, psychology and sociology

Hari

Sams

Nummenmaa

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 15 to a theme issue 'Attending to and neglecting people'. Human behaviour is context-dependent-based on predictions and influenced by the environment and other people. We live in a dynamic world where both the social stimuli and their context are constantly changing. Similar dynamic, natural stimuli should, in the future, be increasingly used to study social brain functions, with parallel development of appropriate signal-analysis methods. Understanding dynamic neural processes also requires accurate time-sensitive characterization of the behaviour. To go beyond the traditional stimulus-response approaches, brain activity should be recorded simultaneously from two interacting subjects to reveal why human social interaction is critically different from just reacting to each other. This theme issue on Attending to and neglecting people contains original work and review papers on person perception and social interaction. The articles cover research from neuroscience, psychology, robotics, animal interaction research and microsociology. Some of the papers are co-authored by scientists who presented their own, independent views in the recent Attention and Performance XXVI conference but were brave enough to join forces with a colleague having a different background and views. In the future, information needs to converge across disciplines to provide us a more holistic view of human behaviour, its interactive nature, as well as the temporal dynamics of our social world.

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“…Auditory ERPs are utilized in anesthesia control [1,3,4] and in assessment of word deafness after subcortical hemorrhage [5]. In this work, we employ ERPs, more specifically VEPs, measured in response to seeing human faces with different emotional expressions [6,7,8], a type of visual stimuli used in psychological research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparison of Geometric, Arithmetic and Harmonic Means for EEG Event Related Potential Detection

Tanskanen

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2012

2012 Eighth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security

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In this paper, we experimentally evaluate three different averaging methods for processing of electroencephalogram (EEG) event related potentials (ERPs) measured from scalp in response to repeated stimulus. In ERP applications, arithmetic mean (AM) is normally employed in processing the ERPs prior to ERP detection, whereas also other averaging methods might have beneficial properties. Fast ERP detection is essential, for example, in brain computer interfaces and during spine surgery. Thus, it is of interest to search for methods to aid in detecting ERPs with as few stimulus repetitions as possible. Here, noise reduction properties of AM, geometric mean (GM), and harmonic mean (HM) are demonstrated with simulations, and ERP processing by the three methods is illustrated by processing real visual evoked potentials (VEPs).

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Facing a real person: an event-related potential study

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

The observer observed: Frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic responses differentiate between another person's direct and averted gaze when the face is seen live

The observer observed: Frontal EEG asymmetry and autonomic responses differentiate between another person's direct and averted gaze when the face is seen live

Attending to and neglecting people: bridging neuroscience, psychology and sociology

Experimental Comparison of Geometric, Arithmetic and Harmonic Means for EEG Event Related Potential Detection

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