Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Pressure Ulcers in a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract

Introduction. Pressure ulcers are skin lesions that occur as a result of an ischemia process, this type of lesion are considerated very important in the health context.
 Objective. To identify associated factors with the appearance of pressure ulcers in hospitalized patients over 16 years old, in a teaching hospital in Bogotá Colombia during 2013.
 Materials and methods. A case-control study was carried out, based on a secondary information source. Some variables and their relationship with the presentation of pressure ulcers in each case were analyzed.
 Results 228 patients were included, 114 cases, 114 controls, the bivariate analysis to identify the factors associated with the risk of presenting pressure ulcers: age equal to or greater than 45 years, pathologies of respiratory etiology, with levels of hemoglobin and albumin below the range expected for sex and age, multivariate analysis that patients older than 45 years, hemoglobin below the expected level by sex and age, have a high risk of presenting UPP for each day of hospital stay. Conclusions The early identification of factors associated with UPP constitutes a fundamental pillar in care.

Patient Repositioning during Hospitalization and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers: a Narrative Review

“…7 , 46 The different stages of PU/PL/DU are described from slight to severe (I-IV, and other undetermined stages), depending on the degree of involvement in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. 6 , 7…”

“… 2 - 4 Although considered preventable, PU/PL/DU affect between 30% and 50% of patients assessed with high risk and constitute between 10% and 50% of all adverse hospital events. 1 , 5 , 6 The existence of Clinical Practice Guides (CPG) for their prevention and management with limited recommendations related with weakness of the evidence that supports them, does not facilitate effectively reducing the problem. 7 - 10 Among the interventions reported in the CPG that best support effectiveness in preventing PU/PL/DU there are use of anti-decubitus mattresses, use of gels during surgery, and use of protective sponges in the sacral region.…”

Ciencias de la Salud: Políticas Públicas, Asistencia y Gestión 3

“…"Siento que en el transcurso desde la creatividad uno a creatividad de cuarto, HTO 1 a HTO 2, siempre partimos con un rol quizá más pasivo, de estudiante, de observar, mirar y aprender, (…) luego uno más de terapeuta, practicante y de co-terapeuta". E (15).…”

“…El análisis univariado permitió identificar los siguientes factores asociados al riesgo de desarrollar presentaron úlceras de presión: pacientes de 45 años o más, diagnosticados de patologías de etiología respiratoria, estuporosos, por lo tanto, encamados (poco funcionales), con sonda vesical, con cifras de hemoglobina y albúmina por debajo el rango esperado para el sexo y la edad, siendo manejado con fármacos inotrópicos, ansiolíticos, antipsicóticos y antidepresivos. El análisis multivariado determinó que los pacientes mayores de 45 años, con hemoglobina por debajo del rango esperado para sexo y edad, tienen alto riesgo de desarrollar úlceras de presión por cada día de estancia hospitalaria (15).…”

Cuidados de enfermería para prevenir las úlceras por presión durante la estancia hospitalaria

“…Por otro lado, la escala de Norton busca identificar el riesgo de lesión por presión, consta de cinco ítems: estado físico, incontinencia, movilidad, actividad y estado mental, el puntaje total varía entre 5 y 20 puntos, entre menor valor mayor es el riesgo de padecer UPP. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] La escala de Waterlow se usa en el Reino Unido, evalúa once aspectos: relación peso/talla, valoración visual de la piel, sexo/edad, continencia, movilidad, apetito, medicamentos, desnutrición del tejido celular, déficit neurológico, tiempo de cirugía (más de dos horas) y traumatismos. La puntuación varía entre 2 y 69 puntos, teniendo en cuenta como riesgo un total > 10.…”