Introducción: La enfermedad renal en los niños causa diferentes cambios que pueden alterar su calidad de vida; por esta razón, es importante que el profesional de salud busque estrategias que contribuyan a disminuir las secuelas y mejorar la calidad de vida del niño. Objetivo: Caracterizar la calidad de vida de los niños de 8 a 18 años, con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica, según el instrumento KIDSCREEN-27 de una institución de salud de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia). Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una población de estudio de 62 niños con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica con edades entre 8 y 18 años que asistieron a la consulta de nefrología pediátrica. Resultados: Se analizaron cinco dimensiones, donde cada una tuvo un puntaje ponderado mayor a 70, que se relaciona con una buena calidad de vida; la dimensión con menor puntaje, la de actividad física, tuvo un puntaje de 70,1, y la dimensión de estado de ánimo y sentimientos obtuvo el mayor puntaje, 80,8. Conclusiones: La enfermedad renal crónica puede alterar la calidad de vida, sobre todo en la dimensión de actividad física y entorno escolar. Es primordial que se planteen programas que tengan en cuenta las cinco dimensiones, pero especialmente las que obtuvieron menor puntaje, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños con esta enfermedad.
Aim To determine the professional profile and the work conditions of nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) in Colombia, Argentina, Peru and Brazil. Background ICUs require a differentiated professional profile to provide quality care, and appropriate working conditions, leading to a transformation of care and management practices. Design Descriptive multicentre cross‐sectional observational study. Methods An online survey was applied to identify both the characteristics of the professional profile and the working conditions. 1,427 ICU nursing professionals were included. RStudio statistical software was used for the analysis of the information. Descriptive statistics were used for the presentation of the results. The STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used in this study. Results Only 33.6% of the professionals had a specialisation degree in intensive care. The skills that were most frequently put into practice were communication (68.5%) and care management (78.5%). The most predominant nurse‐to‐patient ratios were 1:2, and greater than 1:6. 59.1% of the nurses had an indefinite term contract, 38.8% worked 48 hours per week and 49.8% had rotating shifts. Only 50.4% of them received incentives. The average salary ranged between 348 and 1,500 USD. 64.5% of the participants were satisfied with their job. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen nurses’ professional profile by promoting both postgraduate education and the development of troubleshooting and teamwork skills. It is necessary to standardise the nurse‐to‐patient ratio, improve wages and increase incentives to achieve greater job satisfaction. Relevance to practice The knowledge and the improvement of both the professional profile and the work conditions of nurses working in intensive care units will improve the quality of the care given to critical patients and, therefore, the quality of health outcomes.
Introduction. Pressure ulcers are skin lesions that occur as a result of an ischemia process, this type of lesion are considerated very important in the health context. Objective. To identify associated factors with the appearance of pressure ulcers in hospitalized patients over 16 years old, in a teaching hospital in Bogotá Colombia during 2013. Materials and methods. A case-control study was carried out, based on a secondary information source. Some variables and their relationship with the presentation of pressure ulcers in each case were analyzed. Results 228 patients were included, 114 cases, 114 controls, the bivariate analysis to identify the factors associated with the risk of presenting pressure ulcers: age equal to or greater than 45 years, pathologies of respiratory etiology, with levels of hemoglobin and albumin below the range expected for sex and age, multivariate analysis that patients older than 45 years, hemoglobin below the expected level by sex and age, have a high risk of presenting UPP for each day of hospital stay. Conclusions The early identification of factors associated with UPP constitutes a fundamental pillar in care.
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