Factors influencing bactericidal activity of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) haemocytes against Salmonella typhimurium

A comparative study on the influence of manganese on the bactericidal response of marine invertebrates

“…A prolongation of the viability of bacteria may create opportunities to establish infections. Interactions with other environmental stress factors that are comprising the host immunity may further alter the susceptibility to infections [58,59]. Moreover, Mn exposure to juveniles might effect them more than the adult stages of invertebrates as has been reported for butyltin exposed M. edulis [60].…”

Characterisation of Mytilus edulis hemocyte subpopulations by single cell time-lapse motility imaging

“…At the cellular level, a great number of studies, involving living hemocytes exposed in vitro to different substances or microorganisms, have investigated a variety of cell functions such as phagocytosis [12,13,28,40,41], production of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species [9,40,42e44], multi-xenobiotic resistance [45] or lysosomal activity [39,46]. These functions have also been used to assess the status of the whole immune system, at the integrated level, in animals injected with bacteria [29,31], or exposed to pollutants in the laboratory [47,48] as well as in contaminated sites [49,50]. In these studies, hemocytes are generally considered as a single set of cells.…”

“…Unless otherwise indicated, hemolymph was collected from single individuals, without pooling and centrifugation. If not used in crude hemolymph, hemocytes were counted in a Malassez chamber and diluted at the desired concentration by using marine physiological saline solution (MPSS) [31], containing (in mM): 470 NaCl, 10 KCl, 10 CaCl 2 , 10 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (Hepes), 48.7 MgSO 4 , pH 7.8, 0.2 mm filtered. Osmolality of MPSS was checked to be close to local seawater osmolality (963 mOsmol kg À1 ) by using a vapour pressure osmometer (Wescor Elitech, Logan, UT).…”

Faecal Contaminants in Edible Bivalves from Maputo Bay, Mozambique: Seasonal Distribution, Pathogenesis and Antibiotic Resistance

“…The mean water temperature of Maputo Bay rises from 19-20°C during the dry season to 26-28°C during the rainy season [19]. A previous study by [30] showed that growth of virulent strains of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, inoculated in boreal adapted blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), were favored by water temperature of 20°C compared to that of 6°C. At the higher temperature the bacteria multiplied with lethal effects on the mussels.…”