Factors influencing the adaptation and distribution of &lt;i&gt;Colophospermum mopane&lt;/i&gt; in southern Africa’s mopane  savannas – A review

Makhado, Rudzani A.; Mapaure, Isaac; Potgieter, M.J.; Luus‐Powell, Wilmien J.; Saidi, Amani T.

doi:10.4102/abc.v44i1.152

Cited by 43 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Low temperatures that lead to freezing have been reported as a major environmental stress that can limit the distribution of both wild and crop species (Pearce, 2001). Distribution of C. mopane has been reported to be limited by temperatures below 5°C (Makhado et al, 2014;Stevens et al, 2014). Frost might be the reason of the absence of wild C. mopane south of Radisele village in Botswana, while it dominates in areas north-eastern part of the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of vegetation type patch dieback in a semi-arid area, Tutume Sub-District, Botswana

Nthata¹,

Makhabu²

2018

J. Ecol. Nat. Environ.

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Patch dieback of Colophospermum mopane (Kirk ex Benth.) Kirk ex J. Léonard, which was attributed to drought, soil surface condition and soil chemistry has been reported in South Africa. In Botswana, dieback of C. mopane and other species were noticed in 2012 in the North east part of the country (North West of Francistown). The causes of the noticed dieback were not known. The objective of this study was to determine the status and causes of that dieback. The study was based on field survey to determine species with dieback, the percentage number of dieback affected individual plants of each species and the areas affected. A questionnaire was also administered to get views from people living in the study area on what they thought caused the dieback. Rainfall and temperature data were obtained from Department of Meteorological Services. It was found that it was not only C. mopane that was affected but even other species such as Dichrostachys cinerea, Combretum hereroense and Terminalia prunioides. It appears that low temperatures combined with soils type are the major causes of the dieback. Dieback was mostly on tree individuals on heavy clay soils than those on loamy soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of vegetation type patch dieback in a semi-arid area, Tutume Sub-District, Botswana

Nthata¹,

Makhabu²

2018

J. Ecol. Nat. Environ.

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“…It is dominant over large areas of southern tropical Africa in hot, low-lying regions. It is often present on alluvial as well as alkaline and poorly drained soils, which it tolerates better than other species (Palgrave 2002;Makhado et al 2014). Its natural distribution ranges from southern Angola and northern Namibia, through Botswana, Zimbabwe and southern Zambia as far as southern Malawi, Mozambique and northern South Africa.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species is more competitive than almost any other species, especially when the sites are periodically water logged, and also on solonetzic sites. Makhado et al (2014) explain that C. mopane is adapted to survive moisture stress, low nutrient environments and even disturbances caused by fire and browsing by large herbivores through its physical, physiological and chemical responses.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On favourable sites, the stands are made up of tall trees ('cathedral mopane'), but when the soil conditions are less favourable, the vegetation is referred as to 'mopane shrub' (Palgrave 2002). The distribution of mopane is best associated with low to moderate rainfall, high temperature, low altitudes and a variety of soil types (Makhado et al 2014). According to Mitlöhner (1997), C. mopane grows preferably on fine-grained sand and clay-loam sites developed from basalt, alluvial material and lime.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially the lack of knowledge on the biology and ecology of indigenous species and their adaptation to environmental stress limits their use in reforestation programmes. Soil water availability is one of the major limiting factors to survival, growth, species composition and distribution of savanna tree and shrub species (Mitlöhner 1998;Serrano et al 1998;Reynolds et al 2004;Otieno et al 2005;Makhado et al 2014). Hence, understanding water uptake patterns, the physiological response of the species to water stress and their tolerance to cope under severe stress are needed to explain differences among species in survival and distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of Colophospermum mopane to extra-seasonal drought conditions: site-vegetation relations in dry-deciduous forests of Zambezi region (Namibia)

Krug

2017

For. Ecosyst.

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Background: The drought-tolerant tree species Colophospermum mopane is focussed at for an assessment of the impact of water stress, as well as for the specific adaptation potential of the species. Three differing sites ('Forest', 'Shrubs' and 'Swamp') under three different seasonal situations (advanced dry season, drought and early rain season), in the mopane woodland of north-eastern Namibia were studied. Methods: Plant water potentials were measured using a pressure chamber in the field. Pre-dawn water potentials were assessed to reflect the soil water potential of the rhizosphere. Midday water potentials were measured to assess the strongest negative water potential by the sample trees. Results: The study reveals significant differences of the water potentials indicated by C. mopane. The different site-vegetation relations specify the impacts of seasonal conditions and site conditions (soil parameters and soil water availability) on the selected species. Conclusions: The investigation reveals a specific adaptation potential of C. mopane in relation to different soil parameter under seasonal conditions. The impact of the different seasons on the pre-dawn plant water potential (indicating actual soil water availability) was assessed independently of other parameters. The adaptation range of C. mopane is obviously reflected by its ability to cope with water stress situations by midday samples. An advantage of using plant-physiological characteristics as monitoring parameters is the circumstance that these reflect the plant-internal 'digestibility' of the evaluated conditions directly on the natural stand. In this consideration, the evaluation of specific site conditions referring to the plant-effective water deficiency and the plant-internal, physiological ability of adaptation towards these, are recommended as key-parameters, for, e.g., investigations of site-species matching for afforestation or reforestation management.

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Megabrowser Impacts on Woody Vegetation in Savannas

Owen‐Smith

Page

Teren

et al. 2019

Savanna Woody Plants and Large Herbivores

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Factors influencing the adaptation and distribution of <i>Colophospermum mopane</i> in southern Africa’s mopane savannas – A review

Cited by 43 publications

References 47 publications

Determinants of vegetation type patch dieback in a semi-arid area, Tutume Sub-District, Botswana

Determinants of vegetation type patch dieback in a semi-arid area, Tutume Sub-District, Botswana

Adaptation of Colophospermum mopane to extra-seasonal drought conditions: site-vegetation relations in dry-deciduous forests of Zambezi region (Namibia)

Megabrowser Impacts on Woody Vegetation in Savannas

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