Factors influencing the Middle East tourist travelling to Malaysia: The quantile estimates

Abstract

This research examines the possible impacts of global oil prices, exchange rate and tourism prices on Malaysia's demand for the Middle East tourists' arrivals using monthly data covering the period from 1995 to 2017. We covered the 5 major sources of Middle East tourism to Malaysia in the last 2 decades, such as

Sterling insights into natural resources intensification, ageing population and globalization on environmental status in Mediterranean countries

“…The projection is usually more stable than the average, and, in the case of heterogeneity, the quantile regression is more accurate than the ordinal least squares regression. In the subsequent variants, a quantile template panel is defined according to Ismail, Loganathan, Streimikiene, Mardani, and Wan Endut 73 and Halliru, Loganathan, and Golam Hassan 74 as: QCO 2i, t (δ / κit) = β0(δ) + β1(δ) Yi, t, + β2(δ) FY2i, t, + β3(δ) TNRi, t, + β4(δ) TNR2i, t, + β5(δ) EUi, t,…”

“…The projection is usually more stable than the average, and, in the case of heterogeneity, the quantile regression is more accurate than the ordinal least squares regression. In the subsequent variants, a quantile template panel is defined according to Ismail, Loganathan, Streimikiene, Mardani, and Wan Endut 73 and Halliru, Loganathan, and Golam Hassan 74 as: where, QCO 2i, t (δ/κit) is the δth provisional quantile of the explained variable, κ i stand for the vector of the explanatory variables for every nation i at time t for the quantile δ, where, the β's was denoted as intercept of the explanatory variables for the quantile δ. For robustness purposes, the Driscoll-Kraay OLS as proposed by Pesaran 75 was used.…”