Factors influencing the reliability of grounded and floating ice distinguishing based on ground penetrating radar reflection amplitude

You, Yanli; Yang, Mingbin; Yu, Qihao; Xiong, Pan; Guo, Lei; Wang, Xinbin; Wu, Qingbai

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.06.008

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…You et al [50] also reported the average velocities decreased slightly with a rise in the unfrozen water content in the ice. During our whole observation period, the minimum equivalent dielectric permittivity of the Yellow River ice was 3.4 ± 0.1 when the average ice temperature was between −2.85 °C and −3.32 °C on 19 January 2014, which was higher than laboratory measurements of the artificial ice reported in previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Previous studies that have used GPR to assess winter roads have shown that radar transmission speeds are strongly dependent on ice thickness; thus, the inherent nature of depth analysis means that the presence of unfrozen water in ice will be the main factor influencing calculations [49]. You et al [50] also reported the average velocities decreased slightly We computed radar transmission speeds in river ice using travel times and ice thicknesses measured at a number of locations. Results show (Figure 13) that these speeds in river ice were between 0.141 m/ns and 0.164 m/ns, lower than those observed in 'pure' ice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Influence of the Internal Properties of River Ice on Ground Penetrating Radar Propagation

Han

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has proven to be a very effective method for examining ice thickness. However, two preconditions must be met for this approach to be useful; the round-trip travel time of electromagnetic (EM) waves and radar transmission speed in the ice must be known. These issues are problematic because many factors affect radar transmission speed in ice, including impurities, physical properties such as porosity and density, and temperature. Results show that if these factors are not taken into account and a signal velocity of 0.17 m/ns in pure ice is used to estimate thickness, overestimates will result. We carried out a series of GPR surveys using dual channel host 200 MHz shielded antennas at the Toudaoguai Hydrological Station on the Yellow River, China, and collected samples to analyze ice impurities and physical properties. The results show that the ice crystal types include frazil, granular, and column at the Toudaoguai Hydrologic Station section. Our analysis of ice gas bubble and sediment content showed that the gas bubble volume content is between 11.95 and 13.0% in the frazil ice and between 7.9% and 8.6% in granular and columnar ice. At the same time, the ice sediment content ranged between 0.11‰ and 0.57‰, and the average was 0.24‰ in granular and columnar ice, which was about one-tenth that of the suspended sediment concentration in water. Additionally, a combination of GPR data as well as ice impurities, porosity, density, and temperature enabled us to provide insights on the variability of radar transmission speed and the equivalent dielectric permittivity in river ice. Our extensive observations reveal that radar transmission speed falls between 0.141 m/ns and 0.164 m/ns and that the equivalent dielectric permittivity of river ice increases in concert with ice temperature.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Internal Properties of River Ice on Ground Penetrating Radar Propagation

Han

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Air bubbles in the ice can increase the velocity of radar wave propagation, and thus affect the accuracy of ice thickness calculations [35]. When the rate of proportion of air bubbles in the ice is high, the velocity of the radar waves can reach 0.21 m/ns [38], which would result in a large error if the standard velocity of radar waves in ice (0.17 m/ns) were to be used [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reflections in the radar profiles were used to calculate the ice thickness [35]. In the radar profiles taken from both observation fields, reflections at each interface are evident and can be easily traced.…”

Section: Radar Echo Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice Thickness Assessment of Non-Freshwater Lakes in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Borne Ice-Penetrating Radar: A Case Study of Qinghai Lake and Gahai Lake

Jin,

Yao,

Wei

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ice thickness has a significant effect on the physical and biogeochemical processes of a lake, and it is an integral focus of research in the field of ice engineering. The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, known as the Third Pole of the world, contains numerous lakes. Compared with some information, such as the area, water level, and ice phenology of its lakes, the ice thickness of these lakes remains poorly understood. In this study, we used an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a 400/900 MHz ice-penetrating radar to detect the ice thickness of Qinghai Lake and Gahai Lake. Two observation fields were established on the western side of Qinghai Lake and Gahai Lake in January 2019 and January 2021, respectively. Based on the in situ ice thickness and the propagation time of the radar, the accuracy of the ice thickness measurements of these two non-freshwater lakes was comprehensively assessed. The results indicate that pre-processed echo images from the UAV-borne ice-penetrating radar identified non-freshwater lake ice, and we were thus able to accurately calculate the propagation time of radar waves through the ice. The average dielectric constants of Qinghai Lake and Gahai Lake were 4.3 and 4.6, respectively. This means that the speed of the radar waves that propagated through the ice of the non-freshwater lake was lower than that of the radio waves that propagated through the freshwater lake. The antenna frequency of the radar also had an impact on the accuracy of ice thickness modeling. The RMSEs were 0.034 m using the 400 MHz radar and 0.010 m using the 900 MHz radar. The radar with a higher antenna frequency was shown to provide greater accuracy in ice thickness monitoring, but the control of the UAV’s altitude and speed should be addressed.

show abstract

“…Various methods have been used to investigate the permafrost state on TP, including drilling boreholes, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) [13][14][15]. Based on the 72 boreholes drilled in Beiluhe Basin, Lin et al [16] analyzed the variability in near-surface ground temperatures in a warming permafrost region and the results showed that surface temperatures were strongly controlled by slope aspect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primarily investigation with multiple methods on permafrost state around a rapid change lake in the interior of the Tibet Plateau

Ding,

Niu,

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes of the lakes on high-altitude regions of the Tibet Plateau influence the state of the surrounding permafrost. Due to the climate warming and wetting trend, extreme events including lake outburst has occurred more frequent. In 2011, an outburst event occurred on the Zonag Lake and this event changed the water distribution in the basin, leading a rapid expansion of the Tailwater lake, named as the Salt Lake. However, the construction of the drainage channel in the Salt Lake ended the expansion process and the shrinkage of the lake started since 2020. To investigate the permafrost state around the Salt Lake, multiple methods, including drilling boreholes, the unmanned aerial vehicle survey and the ground penetrating radar detection have been applied. By integrating these multi-source data, the thermal regime, topography and the spatial distribution of the permafrost around the Salt Lake were analyzed. The result showed that the permafrost state around the Salt Lake was related to the distance from the lake water. The permafrost table appears at 90 m away from the Salt Lake and interrupted by a nearby thermokarst lake at 220 m. The ground temperature in the natural field is 0.2 °C lower than the temperature in the lake at a depth of −5 m.

show abstract

Factors influencing the reliability of grounded and floating ice distinguishing based on ground penetrating radar reflection amplitude

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

The Influence of the Internal Properties of River Ice on Ground Penetrating Radar Propagation

The Influence of the Internal Properties of River Ice on Ground Penetrating Radar Propagation

Ice Thickness Assessment of Non-Freshwater Lakes in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Borne Ice-Penetrating Radar: A Case Study of Qinghai Lake and Gahai Lake

Primarily investigation with multiple methods on permafrost state around a rapid change lake in the interior of the Tibet Plateau

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About