Factors Influencing the Survival Rate of Teeth and Implants in Patients after Tumor Therapy to the Head and Neck Region—Part 2: Implant Survival

Abstract

During prosthetic rehabilitation after tumor therapy (TT) in the head and neck region, the dentist must assess whether the prognosis of the remaining teeth is sufficiently good or whether implants should be used to anchor dentures. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the survival rate of teeth and implants after TT and to evaluate factors potentially influencing implant survival. One hundred fifteen patients (male: 70.3%; mean age: 63.2 ± 12.4 years) having received dental treatment before and after TT at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg were enrolled in the study. Clinical examination including assessment of dental status and stimulated salivary flow rate was performed. Information about disease progression and therapy was retrieved from medical records. After TT, from a total of 1262 teeth, 27.2% had to be extracted. Of 308 implants inserted after TT, 7.0% were lost. Teeth exhibited lower 5-year survival probability (76.8%) than implants (89.9%; p = 0.001). The risk of loss (RL) of implants increased with age, nicotine use, intraoral defects, and RCT. Radiotherapy did not independently increase the RL. Thus, implants seem to be a reliable treatment option in case of progressive tooth decay after TT, particularly after RT.

Survival Rate of Dental Implants in the Irradiated Jaw Bones of Patients with Oral and Head & Neck Malignancies

“…20 Lack of blood supply to the mucosal tissue and low production of saliva after radiation therapy can accelerate peri-implantitis and gingival inflammation, which can affect the survival rate of dental implants. 9 In addition, osteoradionecrosis after radiation therapy can be a serious complication of dental implant treatment, and the patient may require further surgical intervention. Therefore, in this study, the higher CSR of implants in the irradiated maxilla compared to that in the mandible can be explained by the anatomical features of abundant blood supply.…”

“…regeneration (GBR), and chemotherapy was suggested as important variables for success of implants by previous studies. [9][10][11][12] This study aimed to determine the effect of radiation therapy on the survival rate of implants in long-term followed-up patients, considering factors such as the location of the implants (maxilla or mandible), average radiation dose, and type of oral cavity or head and neck cancers that the patient had.…”

Sobrevivência de implantes dentários em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço irradiados: revisão de literatura

“…Foram excluídos da amostra quatro estudos (Hoffmann et al, 2024;Wüster et al, 2023;Goker et al, 2020;Patel et al, 2020). Finalmente, quatro estudos foram incluídos para a síntese qualitativa (Mattila et al, 2024;Schweyen et al, 2022;Lodders et al, 2021;Pieralli et al, 2020).…”

“…A maioria das publicações foram originadas na Alemanha (50%). Em relação ao momento da instalação do implante, um estudo descreveu implantes instalados antes e após a radioterapia (Mattila et al, 2024), enquanto que três estudos avaliaram implantes instalados após a radioterapia (Lodders et al, 2021;Schweyen et al, 2022;Pieralli et al, 2020). O local de instalação do implante (maxila versus mandíbula) foi avaliado em três estudos (Mattila et al, 2024;Schweyen et al, 2022;Lodders et al, 2021).…”

“…A origem do tecido ósseo foi investigada em três estudos (Mattila et al, 2024;Schweyen et al, 2022;Lodders et al, 2021)…”