“…Failure modes, including face yielding, face wrinkling, core yielding, indentation, complete, partial, and no delamination of Al-alloy sheets were reported for AFS composite panels in the past studies [15,[37][38][39][40]. Isabel et al [41] studied the flexural behaviour of adhesively-bonded AFS panels and reported two different failure modes: (i) symmetric deformation, and (ii) asymmetric deformation, for adhesively-bonded sandwich panels where failure occurred in the core due to excessive shear stress and no delamination of facing skins was observed. However, the AFS produced in this study delaminated at relatively lower load values due to the lower joining interface strength compared to core shear strength.…”