Far‐Ranging Impact of Mountain Waves Excited Over Greenland on Stratospheric Dehydration and Rehydration

Kivi, Rigel; Dörnbrack, Andreas; Sprenger, Michael; Vömel, H.

doi:10.1029/2020jd033055

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…If this were indeed the case, air flow across the entire southern Andean ridge can be considered as the waves' source of excitation. Similar observations of the leeward and downstream propagation of horizontally long MWs have been made in the northern hemisphere (Dörnbrack et al., 1999; Kivi et al., 2020), and published comparisons with the ECMWF (Gupta et al., 2021; Gupta et al., 2021; Kaifler et al., 2020; Rapp et al., 2021) support these observational findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

High‐Cadence Lidar Observations of Middle Atmospheric Temperature and Gravity Waves at the Southern Andes Hot Spot

Reichert

Kaifler

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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The observation of atmospheric gravity waves in the middle atmosphere is a challenging task and calls for highly sophisticated instrumentation. However, the effort is worthwhile as the propagation of gravity waves (GWs) is a key mechanism in coupling all layers of the atmosphere, transferring energy and momentum from their source regions to the locations where they dissipate (e.g., Fritts & Alexander, 2003). To observe properties of GWs at a specific location, a suitable tool is a lidar system because it samples a large altitude range from the lower stratosphere to the lower thermosphere with high temporal and vertical resolutions. This work presents the first high-cadence middle atmospheric lidar temperature data set from a location in the lee of the Southern Andes at the east coast of Argentina for the period November 2017 to October 2020.GWs in the middle atmosphere over the Southern Andes have been the focus of multiple studies (e.g.,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

High‐Cadence Lidar Observations of Middle Atmospheric Temperature and Gravity Waves at the Southern Andes Hot Spot

Reichert

Kaifler

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Based on azimuth propagation angles (127.2° [Figure 4d] and 116.5° [Figure 2b]), it may be possible that these TIDs are tertiary GWs from the dissipation of secondary GWs excited by the local body force created from mountain waves (MWs) breaking over Greenland and the Alps, respectively. Recent investigations show that there has been evidence of MWs over Greenland (Doyle et al, 2005;Kivi et al, 2020;Leutbecher & Volkert, 2000;Olafsson & Agústsson, 2009). and 5c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equatorward Medium to Large‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances of High Latitude Origin During Quiet Conditions

et al. 2022

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This article presents observations of medium to large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) originating from high latitudes, and propagating across the equator into the opposite hemisphere in the African‐European sector during geomagnetically quiet conditions between 2010 and 2018. During the study period, four geomagnetically quiet days were selected each month. The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) total electron content (TEC) data were used to obtain the two dimensional (2‐D) TEC residuals. We have identified seven transhemispheric TIDs from the days that were analyzed with five originating in the southern and the rest in northern wintertime hemisphere. The TIDs meridional propagation velocities, periods and wavelengths are in the range of 270–322 m/s, 48–80 min and 802–1,296 km, respectively. The horizontal propagation velocities and horizontal wavelengths ranges are cH = 120–274 m/s and λH = 379–1,104 km, respectively. Analysis of the conditions of the space weather environment rules out space weather as a source of the TIDs. While observations of the 4.3 μm brightness temperature (BT) from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument on board the NASA Aqua satellite show the existence of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) in the troposphere‐stratosphere region, it is suggested that the tertiary GWs from orographic forcing may be the likely source of the TIDs observed in this study.

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OClO as observed by TROPOMI: a comparison with meteorological parameters and polar stratospheric cloud observations

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Chlorine dioxide (OClO) is a by-product of the ozone-depleting halogen chemistry in the stratosphere. Although it is rapidly photolysed at low solar zenith angles (SZAs), it plays an important role as an indicator of the chlorine activation in polar regions during polar winter and spring at twilight conditions because of the nearly linear dependence of its formation on chlorine oxide (ClO). Here, we compare slant column densities (SCDs) of chlorine dioxide (OClO) retrieved by means of differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) from spectra measured by the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) with meteorological data for both Antarctic and Arctic regions for the first three winters in each of the hemispheres (November 2017–October 2020). TROPOMI, a UV–Vis–NIR–SWIR instrument on board of the Sentinel-5P satellite, monitors the Earth's atmosphere in a near-polar orbit at an unprecedented spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio and provides daily global coverage at the Equator and thus even more frequent observations at polar regions. The observed OClO SCDs are generally well correlated with the meteorological conditions in the polar winter stratosphere; for example, the chlorine activation signal appears as a sharp gradient in the time series of the OClO SCDs once the temperature drops to values well below the nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) existence temperature (TNAT). Also a relation of enhanced OClO values at lee sides of mountains can be observed at the beginning of the winters, indicating a possible effect of lee waves on chlorine activation. The dataset is also compared with CALIPSO Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) observations. In general, OClO SCDs coincide well with CALIOP measurements for which PSCs are detected. Very high OClO levels are observed for the northern hemispheric winter 2019/20, with an extraordinarily long period with a stable polar vortex being even close to the values found for southern hemispheric winters. An extraordinary winter in the Southern Hemisphere was also observed in 2019, with a minor sudden stratospheric warming at the beginning of September. In this winter, similar OClO values were measured in comparison to the previous (usual) winter till that event but with a OClO deactivation that was 1–2 weeks earlier.

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Far‐Ranging Impact of Mountain Waves Excited Over Greenland on Stratospheric Dehydration and Rehydration

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

High‐Cadence Lidar Observations of Middle Atmospheric Temperature and Gravity Waves at the Southern Andes Hot Spot

High‐Cadence Lidar Observations of Middle Atmospheric Temperature and Gravity Waves at the Southern Andes Hot Spot

Equatorward Medium to Large‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances of High Latitude Origin During Quiet Conditions

OClO as observed by TROPOMI: a comparison with meteorological parameters and polar stratospheric cloud observations

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