Fast and Long‐Lasting Iron(III) Reduction by Boron Toward Green and Accelerated Fenton Chemistry

Abstract

Generation of hydroxyl radicals in the Fenton system (FeII/H2O2) is seriously limited by the sluggish kinetics of FeIII reduction and fast FeIII precipitation. Here, boron crystals (C‐Boron) remarkably accelerate the FeIII/FeII circulation in Fenton‐like systems (C‐Boron/FeIII/H2O2) to produce a myriad of hydroxyl radicals with excellent efficiencies in oxidative degradation of various pollutants. The surface B−B bonds and interfacial suboxide boron in the surface B12 icosahedra are the active sites to donate electrons to promote fast FeIII reduction to FeII and further enhance hydroxyl radical production via Fenton chemistry. The C‐Boron/FeIII/H2O2 system outperforms the benchmark Fenton (FeII/H2O2) and FeIII‐based sulfate radical systems. The reactivity and stability of crystalline boron is much higher than the popular molecular reducing agents, nanocarbons, and other metal/metal‐free nanomaterials.

The principle of detailed balancing, the iron-catalyzed disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, and the Fenton reaction

“…36,215 If Fe 3+ is replaced by Fe(III) and Fe 2+ by Fe(II) the loop appears in ten other publications. 178,198,203,[217][218][219][224][225][226]229 Although conditional nomenclature is used in these papers, only one of them actually uses conditional kinetics. 198 Mechanisms using mass-action kinetics in this loop are incorrect because the first step has an inverse acid dependence as discussed in section 2.2.…”

Constructing Electron Levers in Perovskite Nanocrystals to Regulate the Local Electron Density for Intensive Chemodynamic Therapy

“…This high reaction barrier can lower the overall reaction rate, [8] and waste the limited H 2 O 2 in tumor, making the concentration of the generated COH too low to effectively kill tumor cells.Many attempts,including direct electrons reduction, [9] adscititious organic reductive species [10] and photothermal heating [11] have been made to reduce proportion of Fe 3+ during CDT.B ut the electron loss in interface transfer and the potential antagonism between reductant and COH all fundamentally restricted their practical applications in improving CDT. [12] More importantly,t he essential problem in CDT,w hich is the high activation barrier in Fe 3+ ,i ss till not been solved. Charging the reaction center Fe atoms with electrons that belonged to non-reaction-center atoms is an ideal way for Fe electron density regulation.…”

“…But the electron loss in interface transfer and the potential antagonism between reductant and . OH all fundamentally restricted their practical applications in improving CDT [12] . More importantly, the essential problem in CDT, which is the high activation barrier in Fe 3+ , is still not been solved.…”

Highly efficient photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide in ambient conditions

“…hydrogen peroxide | photocatalysis | Z-scheme heterojunctions | environmental chemistry | graphite carbon nitride A dvanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been widely applied to the treatment of refractory organic pollutants in the environment (1,2). However, strong oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) must be added to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for organic pollutant degradation, which results in soaring costs (3).…”