Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian Population

Abstract

eripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a severe atherosclerotic complication of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with a deleterious impact on the quality of life. Walking intolerance and amputation are major problems for subjects with PAD. Moreover, this is associated with an increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. People with PAD are more than 4 times likely to die of any cause over 2 years from diagnosis than those without this condition. [1][2][3][4] PAD may be identified non-invasively by the determination of the ankle-to-brachial systolic blood pressure (BP) index; values <0.9 are indicative of the presence of disease. [5][6][7] Similar to other sites of the atherosclerotic disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension and use of tobacco are major risk factors for PAD. The inflammation process contributes to the progression of the atherosclerotic lesion. Considering that underlying mechanisms of peripheral and coronary artery diseases are common, similarities in dietary risk factors for both conditions would be expected. 8 Cohort and cross-sectional studies showed a high risk of PAD among subjects with a low intake of dietary antioxidants (eg, carotenoids, and vitamins C and E) or with low circulating levels of these substances. 7,9,10 However, PAD has received less attention in nutrition research, perhaps because its non-fatal presentation becomes symptomatic at a more advanced age compared with other forms of atherosclerosis, such as coronary heart disease and stroke. 11 Epidemiological studies have detected an inverse association between fiber consumption and PAD. 3 This finding is quite plausible as soluble fiber intake was shown to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels. In addition to having a favorable impact on total and LDL-cholesterol and fasting insulin, cereal fiber has been inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. The type of dietary fat consumed has been closely related to atherosclerotic diseases, including PAD. 12 The replacement of saturated fatty acids by mono-or polyunsaturated fatty acids was shown to reduce significantly total and LDL-cholesterol levels. Some evidence suggests that resistance to lipid oxidation could be improved with a diet that has a high content of antioxidants, thus improving the dietary fatty acid composition. 12 The Western diet, which is often characterized by a low content of complex carbohydrates and is rich in animal fat, plays a role in the epidemics of obesity and related diseases, which are also found in migrants from Asian countries. [13][14][15] However, we did not know whether any component of their usual diet would be associated with PAD, as diagnosed by the ankle-to-brachial systolic BP index. This cross-sectional Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian PopulationSuely Godoy Agostinho Gimeno, PhD; Amélia Toyomi Hirai, MD; Helena Aiko Harima, PhD; Mário Yasuo Kikuchi, PhD; Rosana Farah Simony, PhD; Newton de Barros Jr,...

Hyperuricemia and associated factors: a cross-sectional study of Japanese-Brazilians

“…Despite the recognition of the limitations in the direct comparison between findings from the current study and those of other researchers (particularly because of the different age structures in these population groups and the different approaches used), one can state that the prevalence of hyperuricemia detected among Japanese-Brazilians (35.3%) was higher than described in international studies 11,35,36 . As identified in previous publications by the JBDSG 19,21,33,34 , this community also displays high rates of co-morbidities associated with hyperuricemia, thus characterizing high risk for cardiovascular diseases.…”

“…In this community, along with the glucose intolerance "epidemic", studies have also shown high prevalence rates for dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and central obesity, all of which at higher rates than in the overall Brazilian population or in Japanese living in Japan 19,21,33,34 . In Brazil, there are no available data from population-based epidemiological studies on the occurrence of altered serum uric acid levels.…”

Fasting Serum Long-Acting Natriuretic Peptide Correlates With the Ankle Brachial Index in Renal Transplant Recipients

“…Peripheral artery disease patients also had elevated serum levels of triglyceride compared with those without PAD. [17][18][19] A higher serum triglyceride level has been shown to be associated with a low ABI value in asymptomatic patients between 50 and 70 years of age. 20 Our results also identified higher serum total cholesterol and higher triglyceride levels in the low ABI group, and the serum triglyceride level was negatively correlated with the ABI value for renal transplant recipients.…”

Consumo alimentar e fatores dietéticos envolvidos no processo saúde e doença de Nikkeis: revisão sistemática

“…Salvo et al 37 (2009) stated that the Nikkei diet, irrespective of macrovascular disease, was composed by 54% carbohydrates, 14% proteins and 32% lipids in relation to their daily calorie intake. In another publication, referring to the same study, 13 the authors verifi ed that higher consumption of total fats was signifi cantly linked to peripheral arterial disease. This link was corroborated by Freire et al 8 (2005), who verifi ed signifi cantly higher lipid intake in men with metabolic syndrome than in those without this disorder.…”