Fatal DisseminatedFusariumInfection in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patient

Abstract

Systemic mycotic infections have been increasing in incidence in immunocompromised patients. Although yeasts are most often isolated, opportunistic fungal infections may also be caused by filamentous fungi, including Aspergillus and Fusarium. Like Aspergillus, Fusarium is angioinvasive with an ability to disseminate widely. Disseminated fusariosis is most commonly linked to prolonged neutropenia. Disseminated infections due to Fusarium are rare in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients but have been reported in HIV positive patients with neutropenia and lymphoma. We describe an HIV positive patient without neutropenia, skin lesions, or concomitant malignancy, who developed fatal disseminated infection with possible endocarditis due to Fusarium solani. Early identification of Fusarium is important because of its high level of resistance to several antifungal drugs, with response often requiring combination therapy.

Fusariosis

“…Likewise, occasional cases have been reported in other immunosuppressive conditions. [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Risk factors for invasive fusariosis were evaluated in two studies. In one study, the epidemiology of invasive mold diseases in allogeneic HCT recipients was characterized.…”

Native valve endocarditis, fusarium and end-stage renal disease

“…And the second was the diagnosis of invasive Fusariosis in a non-neutropaenic patient with ESRD on maintenance haemodialysis who did not have any other known risk factors 2 3. Although there has been a case reported of invasive Fusariosis in a haemodialysis-dependent patient, but the patient also had advanced HIV disease 1. ESRD particularly in presence of uraemia is associated with immune dysfunction, which is due to alterations in both innate and adaptive immunity by a number of direct and indirect mechanisms like alterations in pathogen-associated molecular patterns, toll-like receptor and T-cell and B-cell lymphopaenia.…”

Using of bioinformatics and computer morphometry in study of Fusarium spp. causing potato dry rot

“…The algorithm and the computer program based on morphometric analysis of Fusarium spp. macroconidium cells causing potato dry rot was created to study bioinformatic cell characteristics.The following information characteristics of fungal cells have been calculated: H -information entropy characterizing the real structural diversity; H max -the storage capacity characterizing the maximum structural time-diversity of biological system; R (%) -information redundancy coefficient characterizing the relative organization of biosystem.The Fusarium macroconidium cells have demonstrated low values of H (0,002) compared to H max (0,5). The values of R in Fusarium cells were 99,40% -99,69% thus demonstrated a high degree of orderliness and relative organization in microbial cellss.…”

“…The Fusarium macroconidium cells have demonstrated low values of H (0,002) compared to H max (0,5). The values of R in Fusarium cells were 99,40% -99,69% thus demonstrated a high degree of orderliness and relative organization in microbial cellss.…”

“…belongs to the division Ascomycota and causes many important diseases. These fungi may contaminate food products with mycotoxins, threatening to animal and human health, can cause a wide spectrum of human infections, especially in immune compromised patients (cancer) or HIV positive patients [4,5].…”