Fatty Acids Prevent Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Signaling Through Decreased Succinate in Diabetes

Dodd, Michael S.; Fialho, Maria da Luz Sousa; Aparicio, Claudia N. Montes; Kerr, Matthew; Timm, Kerstin N.; Griffin, Julian L.; Luiken, Joost J. F. P.; Glatz, Jan F. C.; Tyler, Damian J.; Heather, Lisa C.

doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.04.005

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Succinate and citrate were significantly decreased in PGDM compared to controls across gestation. Previous studies in non-pregnant populations have linked succinate metabolism to endogenous insulin release [ 50 ], while decreased succinate was observed in cardiomyocytes cultured in insulin resistant conditions [ 51 ]. Decreased circulating succinate and citrate observed in women with PGDM during our study may indicate alterations in TCA cycle energetics, especially in early pregnancy, that disappear in the immediate post-partum period, although the implications this has on the placenta and fetus are unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Leads to Alterations in Normal Metabolic Transitions of Pregnancy as Revealed by Time-Course Metabolomics

et al. 2020

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Women with diabetes during pregnancy are at increased risk of poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite this, the effects of pre-gestational (PGDM) or gestational diabetes (GDM) on metabolism during pregnancy are not well understood. In this study, we utilized metabolomics to identify serum metabolic changes in women with and without diabetes during pregnancy and the cord blood at birth. We observed elevations in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, carbohydrates, ketones, and lipids, and a decrease in amino acids across gestation in all individuals. In early gestation, PGDM had elevations in branched-chain amino acids and sugars compared to controls, whereas GDM had increased lipids and decreased amino acids during pregnancy. In both GDM and PGDM, carbohydrate and amino acid pathways were altered, but in PGDM, hemoglobin A1c and isoleucine were significantly increased compared to GDM. Cord blood from GDM and PGDM newborns had similar increases in carbohydrates and choline metabolism compared to controls, and these alterations were not maternal in origin. Our results revealed that PGDM and GDM have distinct metabolic changes during pregnancy. A better understanding of diabetic metabolism during pregnancy can assist in improved management and development of therapeutics and help mitigate poor outcomes in both the mother and newborn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Leads to Alterations in Normal Metabolic Transitions of Pregnancy as Revealed by Time-Course Metabolomics

et al. 2020

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“…However, another study displays succinate as a stabilizer of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which has shown to be cardioprotective during ischemia and diabetic stress. Dysfunctional cardiac FA metabolism leads to the accumulation of free FAs (FFAs) in the post-ischemic diabetic heart, which subsequently decreases the expression of succinate, an inhibitor of the HIF hydroxylase enzymes, to inhibit the activity of HIF-1α [159]. The mechanism of ischemic succinate accumulation is controversial and is proposed to involve the reversal of SDH.…”

Section: Succinate and Succinylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-chain fatty acid, acylation and cardiovascular diseases

2020

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic dysfunction is a fundamental core mechanism underlying CVDs. Previous studies generally focused on the roles of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in CVDs. However, a growing body of study has implied that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs: namely propionate, malonate, butyrate, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (2-HIBA), β-hydroxybutyrate, crotonate, succinate, and glutarate) and their cognate acylations (propionylation, malonylation, butyrylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation, crotonylation, succinylation, and glutarylation) participate in CVDs. Here, we attempt to provide an overview landscape of the metabolic pattern of SCFAs in CVDs. Especially, we would focus on the SCFAs and newly identified acylations and their roles in CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure. Clinical Science (2020) 134 657-676 https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20200128 cofactors in certain protein acylations, such as propionylation [14], malonylation [15], butyrylation [14], 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation [16], β-hydroxybutyrylation [17], crotonylation [18], succinylation [19], and glutarylation [20]. These discoveries give us a deeper understanding of PTM. Among PTMs, protein acetylation is the earliest discovered and most studied. Similar to protein acetylation, various studies have shown that these newly discovered PTMs are also involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes, including cardiovascular homeostasis.Here in this review, we will summarize SCFAs, protein acylations, and their emerging roles in CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure. The metabolic pattern and FAs in CVDsThe heart is an 'omnivore' , using FAs, glucose, lactate, ketone bodies, and amino acids as metabolic substrates [5,6]. The substrates utilized by the embryonic heart are significantly different from those used by the adult heart. The embryonic heart depends primarily on glycolysis as well as lactate oxidation to produce energy [21]. The newborn and adult heart shift toward the remarkable utilization of FAs to meet cardiac energy demand [5,9]. In failing hearts, a decrease in FA oxidation and an increase in glycolysis are critically involved in cardiac dysfunction [22]. As thus, the metabolic pattern is essential for maintaining cardiac and vascular functions.Diabetes, hypertension, and obesity contribute to heart failure syndrome. Accumulating evidence suggests that hypertension, ischemic hearts, and heart failure induce a shift in substrate toward the remarkable utilization of glucose to generate energy. Despite this shift, the FA oxidation remains to make much energy for the diseased heart [23]. Since FAs are the predominant substrates for cardiomyocytes, alterations in FA metabolism have been implicated as causal in cardiac diseases. FAs within cells and in the circulation are critically involved in cardiometabolic diseases. CVDs are closely associated with lifestyle and metabolic status, which affect circul...

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“…Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) is a hypoxiaactivated transcription factor that confers protective effects in hypoxic conditions (26). Studies have shown the dysregulated expression of HIF-1α under diabetic conditions (27). Testis is a relatively hypoxic tissue, and HIF-1α regulates the primary transcriptional responses to hypoxic stress in normal and transformed cells, which play an adaptive role in conferring protection against cell death in the testes (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Improve Testicular Spermatogenic Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

et al. 2020

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The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on testicular spermatogenic function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Compared to the control group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased and the insulin resistance was markedly aggravated in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Further, the weight of testis and epididymis and the sperm number and motility were decreased in diabetic rats. Pathological changes were also observed in the spermatogenic tubules, along with a decreased number of spermatogenic cells, downregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, and increased cell apoptosis in the testes. Compared to the saline-treated diabetic rat group, metformin and LBP treatment significantly decreased the level of blood glucose and improved insulin resistance and testicular function. After treatment with metformin and LBP, the pathological changes in the spermatogenic tubules improved significantly, with an increase in the number of spermatogenic cells, upregulation of PCNA, and suppression of apoptosis in the testes. The expressions of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in diabetic testes were also upregulated by metformin or LBP treatment. In summary, LBP exerted protective effects by increasing cell proliferation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and regulating SIRT1/HIF-1α expression in the testes of diabetic rats.

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Fatty Acids Prevent Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Signaling Through Decreased Succinate in Diabetes

Abstract: Visual Abstract

Cited by 62 publications

References 36 publications

Diabetes Leads to Alterations in Normal Metabolic Transitions of Pregnancy as Revealed by Time-Course Metabolomics

Diabetes Leads to Alterations in Normal Metabolic Transitions of Pregnancy as Revealed by Time-Course Metabolomics

Short-chain fatty acid, acylation and cardiovascular diseases

Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Improve Testicular Spermatogenic Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

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