Fault-Tolerant Ad Hoc On-Demand Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are particularly suited for scenarios that demand rapid deployment of a communication system without any existing network resources. For instance, a MANET can facilitate the intercommunication process between members of a rescue party in a natural disaster, where the underlying routing protocol is crucial to maintaining the dissemination capability of data-critical packets. However, the backbone of every MANET, i.e., their routing protocol, is limited by the communication range of nodes, their high-speed mobility, and the capacity constraints of energy. This study proposed a fault-tolerant ad hoc on-demand routing protocol (FT-AORP) that relies on these characteristics of MANET nodes to determine reliable paths for data transmission. Subsequently, two of the discovered paths were used to transmit the duplicates of an original data packet to maximize fault tolerance. Further, using the OMNeT++ network simulator, the performance of the proposed system was evaluated through extensive simulation experiments against three simulation parameters: the number of network nodes, node speed, and data packet sending rate. The simulation results demonstrated that FT-AORP greatly improved the packet delivery ratio, reduced end-to-end delay, and maintained a higher residual energy level of the transmission path, compared to other baseline routing protocols.INDEX TERMS Mobile ad hoc network, fault tolerance, network mobility, on-demand routing protocol.

Adaptive radio propagation model for maximizing performance efficiency in smart city disaster management application

“…The outcomes show that the proposed model obtains superior performance in terms of streaming rate and energy consumption. In [19], they have presented a protocol called as fault-tolerant ad-hoc routing (FT-AORP) which focusses on providing a reliable path for the MANET nodes (MNs) for transmission of data. This work has provided two paths for transmitting the data which will help to reduce the packet failure, hence, maximizing the fault tolerance.…”

“…While the mentioned works propose various solutions to enhance networking, multimedia transmission, and wireless systems, they also Int J Artif Intell ISSN: 2252-8938  come with some drawbacks. DEAM may require further validation in real-world scenarios beyond simulations [18], and fault-tolerant ad-hoc routing (FT-AORP) reliance on two paths could lead to increased complexity in large networks [19]. The threshold-based approach in the QoS improvement model [20] might not be suitable for all scenarios, and GAHC's utilization of Genetic and Hill Climbing Algorithms could be computationally expensive [21].…”

VORTEX: Network-Driven Opportunistic Routing for Ad Hoc Networks

“…The main difference between the protocols is that DSR manages the end-to-end routes, whereas AODV only manages the next or previous forwarder for a designated destination terminal. Some improved routing protocols such as FT-AORP [ 9 ], CORA [ 10 ], EORB-TP [ 15 ], and AOMDV-GA [ 6 ] have been proposed aiming to achieve better routing and communication performance. However, the improved protocols are generally designed for a specific field and are not sufficiently applicable to other fields.…”