Fecal microbiota transplantation alters the susceptibility of obese rats to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Obesity is one of the susceptibility factors for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), both of which could accelerate the aging of the body and bring many hazards. A causal relationship is present between intestinal microbiota and body metabolism, but how the microbiota play a role in the progression of obesity to T2DM has not been elucidated. In this study, we transplanted healthy or obese-T2DM intestinal microbiota to ZDF and LZ rats, and used 16S rRNA and targeted metabonomics to evaluate the directional effect of the microbiota on the susceptibility of obese rats to T2DM. The glycolipid metabolism phenotype could be changed bidirectionally in obese rats instead of in lean ones. One possible mechanism is that the microbiota and metabolites alter the structure of the intestinal tract, and improve insulin and leptin resistance through JAK2 / IRS / Akt pathway. It is worth noting that 7 genera, such as Lactobacillus , Clostridium and Roche, can regulate 15 metabolites, such as 3-indolpropionic acid, acetic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and have a significant improvement on glycolipid metabolism phenotype. Attention to intestinal homeostasis may be the key to controlling obesity and preventing T2DM.

Hypoglycemic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus is frequently associated with complications, which pose a greater threat to diabetics than diabetes itself ( 51 ). As a result, reducing diabetes-related complications is critical to improving diabetes ( 4 ). According to a reported study, high levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C may cause intestinal endothelial dysfunction and worsen the onset and progression of atherosclerosis ( 52 ).…”

“…Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are the three basic kinds of diabetes ( 2 ). T2DM is defined as a relative insulin shortage induced by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and failure, which gradually leads to insulin resistance in the tissues, liver, and skeletal muscle over time ( 4 ). T2DM accounts for nearly 90% of the total and the global burden of diabetes is expected to reach 1,054 billion USD by 2045, accompanied by increased health expenditures for public care of this disease ( 2 ).…”

ZiBuPiYin Recipe Prevented and Treated Cognitive Decline in ZDF Rats With Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Decline via Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis Dialogue

“…Recent studies have also confirmed the similarities between the changes seen in ZDF rats and brain samples from people with AD, namely, Aβ accumulation and insulin resistance in the brain causing neuronal injury and ultimately cognitive decline (Bi et al, 2020;Jash et al, 2020). The insulindependent IRS2-AKT signaling pathway is the main pathway of insulin resistance (Zhang L. et al, 2020). IRS2 and AKT are associated with neuronal growth and memory.…”

“…Metabolomics profiling analysis was performed with intestinal contents and hippocampus tissues as previously described (Zhang L. et al, 2020). The samples were homogenized and centrifuged, and the supernatants were combined.…”

Advances in the Relationships Between Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy and Gut Microbiota in Infants

“…FMT is the transfer of normal gut microbiota from healthy people to patients, rebuilding the gut microbiota ecosystem (Figure 2B). It has been applied to treat several diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) (Mohajeri et al, 2018;Galan-Ros et al, 2020;Glassner et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). The survival rate of IBD caused by CDI using the FMT strategy could reach 90% (Basson et al, 2020).…”