Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Pilot Study

Chauhan, Abhinavsingh; Kumar, Ramesh; Sharma, Sanchit; Mahanta, Mousumi; Vayuuru, Sudheer K.; Nayak, Baibaswata; Vuyyuru, Sudheer K.; Shalimar, S.

doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06246-x

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The gut mycobiome profile varies, depending on age, gender, diet, medication, and disease status. Dysbiosis of the gut mycobiome has been implicated in various human metabolic or autoimmune conditions including IBD [14] , [15] , [16] , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) [ 17 , 18 ], cancer [19] , [20] , [21] , hepatitis B and HIV infections [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , and alcoholic liver disease [26] . It is also linked to neurological disorders including Rett syndrome (RTT) [ 27 , 28 ], autism spectrum disorders [29] , [30] , [31] , and schizophrenia [32] , [33] , [34] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the gut mycobiome in patients with MS

et al. 2021

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Background The mycobiome is the fungal component of the gut microbiome and is implicated in several autoimmune diseases. However, its role in MS has not been studied. Methods In this case-control observational study, we performed ITS sequencing and characterised the gut mycobiome in people with MS (pwMS) and healthy controls at baseline and after six months. Findings The mycobiome had significantly higher alpha diversity and inter-subject variation in pwMS than controls. Saccharomyces and Aspergillus were over-represented in pwMS. Saccharomyces was positively correlated with circulating basophils and negatively correlated with regulatory B cells, while Aspergillus was positively correlated with activated CD16 + dendritic cells in pwMS. Different mycobiome profiles, defined as mycotypes, were associated with different bacterial microbiome and immune cell subsets in the blood. Initial treatment with dimethyl fumarate, a common immunomodulatory therapy which also has fungicidal activity, did not cause uniform gut mycobiome changes across all pwMS. Interpretation There is an alteration of the gut mycobiome in pwMS, compared to healthy controls. Further study is required to assess any causal association of the mycobiome with MS and its direct or indirect interactions with bacteria and autoimmunity. Funding This work was supported by the Washington University in St. Louis Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences, funded, in part, by Grant Number # UL1 TR000448 from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Clinical and Translational Sciences Award (Zhou Y, Piccio, L, Lovett-Racke A and Tarr PI); R01 NS102633-04 (Zhou Y, Piccio L); the Leon and Harriet Felman Fund for Human MS Research (Piccio L and Cross AH). Cantoni C. was supported by the National MS Society Career Transition Fellowship (TA-1805-31003) and by donations from Whitelaw Terry, Jr. / Valerie Terry Fund. Ghezzi L. was supported by the Italian Multiple Sclerosis Society research fellowship (FISM 2018/B/1) and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society Post-Doctoral Fellowship (FG- 1907-34474). Anne Cross was supported by The Manny & Rosalyn Rosenthal-Dr. John L. Trotter MS Center Chair in Neuroimmunology of the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the gut mycobiome in patients with MS

et al. 2021

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“…Similar, there is a growing research interest worldwide into fecal microbiota transplantation, as a natural clinical treatment for gastrointestinal diseases that modulates the gut microbiota [25][26][27]. The application of fecal microbiota transplantation has been expanded to various clinical fields, such as autoimmune disease, hepatitis, metabolic syndrome, and mental disorders [28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Refined Deep-Sea Water Improves the Gut Ecosystem with Beneficial Effects on Intestinal Health in Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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World health trends are focusing on a balanced food and beverage intake for healthy life. Refined deep-sea water (RDSW), obtained from deep-sea water collected offshore in Muroto (Japan), is mineral-rich drinking water. We previously reported that drinking RDSW improves human gut health. Here, we analyzed the effect of drinking RDSW on the gut ecosystem to understand this effect. This was a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Ninety-eight healthy adults were divided into two groups: RDSW or mineral water (control). The participants consumed 1 L of either water type daily for 12 weeks. A self-administered questionnaire and stool and urine samples were collected through the intervention. The following were determined: fecal biomarkers of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), five putrefactive products, and nine short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFAs) as the primary outcomes; and three urinary isoflavones and the questionnaire as secondary outcomes. In post-intervention in the RDSW group, we found increased concentrations of five SCFAs and decreased concentrations of phenol and sIgA (p < 0.05). The multiple logistic analysis demonstrated that RDSW significantly affected two biomarkers (acetic and 3-methylbutanoic acids) of the five SCFAs mentioned above (p < 0.05). Similarly, the concentrations of urinary isoflavones tended to increase in post-intervention in the RDSW group. Constipation was significantly alleviated in the RDSW group (94%) compared with the control group (60%). Drinking RDSW improves the intestinal environment, increasing fecal SCFAs and urinary isoflavones, which leads to broad beneficial effects in human.

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“…In a nonrandomized controlled study, 14 HBeAg-positive patients were given six cycles of FMT via gastroscopy accompanied by antiviral therapy (ART); 16.7% (2/12) of these patients exhibited HBeAg clearance in the FMT arm, whereas none exhibited clearance in the ART arm, compared with 15 patients with ART alone. 91 Another study with 18 HBeAg-positive patients reported similar results. 64 In the FMT arm, two of five patients exhibited HBeAg clearance, compared with none of the 13 patients in the control arm.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Clinical Application and Progress of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Liver Diseases: A Review

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2021

Semin Liver Dis

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The human gut harbors a dense and highly diverse microbiota of approximately 1,000 bacterial species. The interaction between the host and gut bacteria strongly influences human health. Numerous evidence suggest that intestinal flora imbalance is closely associated with the development and treatment of liver diseases, including acute liver injury and chronic liver diseases (cirrhosis, autoimmune liver disease, and fatty liver). Therefore, regulating the gut microbiota is expected to be a new method for the adjuvant treatment of liver diseases. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is defined as the transplantation of gut microbiota from healthy donors to sick patients via the upper or lower gastrointestinal route to restore the normal intestinal balance. In this study, we briefly review the current research on the gut microbiota and its link to liver diseases and then summarize the evidence to elucidate the clinical application and development of FMT in liver disease treatment.

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Pilot Study

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

Alterations of the gut mycobiome in patients with MS

Alterations of the gut mycobiome in patients with MS

Drinking Refined Deep-Sea Water Improves the Gut Ecosystem with Beneficial Effects on Intestinal Health in Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Clinical Application and Progress of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Liver Diseases: A Review

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