Fermented goat milk consumption improves melatonin levels and influences positively the antioxidant status during nutritional ferropenic anemia recovery

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to assess the influence of fermented goat or cow milk on melatonin levels and antioxidant status and during anemia recovery. Eighty male Wistar rats were placed on a pre-experimental period of 40 days and randomly divided into two groups, a control group receiving normal-Fe diet (45 mg kg(-1)) and the Fe-deficient group receiving low-Fe diet (5 mg kg(-1)). Then, the rats were fed with fermented goat or cow milk-based diets with a normal-Fe content or Fe-overload (450 mg kg(-1)) for 30 days. After 30 days of feeding the fermented milks, the total antioxidant status (TAS) was higher in both groups of animals fed fermented goat milk with the normal-Fe content. Plasma and urine 8-OHdG were lower in control and anemic rats fed fermented goat milk. Melatonin and corticosterone increased in the anemic groups during Fe replenishment with both fermented milks. Urine isoprostanes were lower in both groups fed fermented goat milk. Lipid and protein oxidative damage were higher in all tissues with fermented cow milk. During anemia instauration, an increase in melatonin was observed, a fact that would improve the energy metabolism and impaired inflammatory signaling, however, during anemia recovery, fermented goat milk had positive effects on melatonin and TAS, even in the case of Fe-overload, limiting the evoked oxidative damage.

Protective effects of fermented goat milk on genomic stability, oxidative stress and inflammatory signalling in testis during anaemia recovery

“…Germinal cells DNA damage decreased in animals fed fermented goat milk. As previously reported 29 , fermented goat milk consumption increases plasma melatonin levels, fact that could explain the increase in TAS recorded in the current study, however there are other nutritional characteristics of goat milk that contributes to the action of melatonin in ameliorating oxidative stress due to modulation of antioxidant defenses. In addition, habitual goat milk consumption has positive effects on enzymatic antioxidant defence (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase), limiting the generation of free radicals 15 .…”

Fermented goat milk improves antioxidant status and protects from oxidative damage to biomolecules during anemia recovery

“…It has also been previously reported that fermented goat milk consumption increased plasma levels of melatonin . This tryptophan derivative is a potent, endogenously produced and diet‐derived free radical scavenger and broad‐spectrum antioxidant, and its protective role in reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation has been reported in various experimental models .…”

Effectiveness of inulin-type on the iron bioavailability in anemic female rats fed bio-yogurt

“…61 The results in Table 3 indicate that anemic rats (G2) had the lowest count of RBCs. Similarly, Moreno-Fernandez et al 62 reported that the induction of anemia in rats was correlated with a signicant decrease in the RBC count. Feeding yogurt-containing inulin led to a signicant increase in the count of RBC.…”