Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Ferrithrix thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov.: heterotrophic, iron-oxidizing, extremely acidophilic actinobacteria

Johnson, D. Barrie; Nicolau, Paula Bacelar; Okibe, Naoko; Thomas, Angharad M.; Hallberg, Kevin B.

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65409-0

Cited by 168 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Strains related to the phylum Actinobacteria were YE4-D4-2-CH (Streptomycetaceae related), FeSo-D1-6-CH (Acidimicrobiaceae related), and YE4-D4-16i-CH (Thermomonosporaceae related). Isolate FeSo-D1-6-CH produced rusty, orange-brown precipitates on the plate (see Table S1 in the supplemental material) and was identical to a heterotrophic, iron-oxidizing, extremely acidophilic Actinobacterium able to reduce Fe(III) (36). Seventeen Firmicutes strains were obtained from all six media and were affiliated with the families Bacillaceae and Alicyclobacillaceae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential for Fe(III) reduction seems to be widespread among acidophilic heterotrophs (15), including bacteria of the genera Acidiphilium (15,38,51) and Acidocella (15), Acidicaldus organivorans (44) and Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans (10), Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum (36), Ferrithrix thermotolerans (36), and Acidobacterium spp., including the type strain Acidobacterium capsulatum DSM 11244 T (7,15). Some, such as Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum and Ferrithrix thermotolerans, even have the capacity to oxidize Fe(II) with oxygen as the electron acceptor, a trait shared with the two chemolithoautotrophs Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (47) and Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ecophysiology of Fe-Cycling Bacteria in Acidic Sediments

Gischkat

Reiche

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

144

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Using a combination of cultivation-dependent and -independent methods, this study aimed to elucidate the diversity of microorganisms involved in iron cycling and to resolve their in situ functional links in sediments of an acidic lignite mine lake. Using six different media with pH values ranging from 2.5 to 4.3, 117 isolates were obtained that grouped into 38 different strains, including 27 putative new species with respect to the closest characterized strains. Among the isolated strains, 22 strains were able to oxidize Fe(II), 34 were able to reduce Fe(III) in schwertmannite, the dominant iron oxide in this lake, and 21 could do both. All isolates falling into the Gammaproteobacteria (an unknown Dyella-like genus and Acidithiobacillus-related strains) were obtained from the top acidic sediment zones (pH 2.8). Firmicutes strains (related to Bacillus and Alicyclobacillus) were only isolated from deep, moderately acidic sediment zones (pH 4 to 5). Of the Alphaproteobacteria, Acidocellarelated strains were only isolated from acidic zones, whereas Acidiphilium-related strains were isolated from all sediment depths. Bacterial clone libraries generally supported and complemented these patterns. Geobacterrelated clone sequences were only obtained from deep sediment zones, and Geobacter-specific quantitative PCR yielded 8 ؋ 10 5 gene copy numbers. Isolates related to the Acidobacterium, Acidocella, and Alicyclobacillus genera and to the unknown Dyella-like genus showed a broad pH tolerance, ranging from 2.5 to 5.0, and preferred schwertmannite to goethite for Fe(III) reduction. This study highlighted the variety of acidophilic microorganisms that are responsible for iron cycling in acidic environments, extending the results of recent laboratorybased studies that showed this trait to be widespread among acidophiles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of Fe-Cycling Bacteria in Acidic Sediments

Gischkat

Reiche

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

144

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“…IRB was only found in the digester with RSI (P2 and P6), which further proved that RSI could enrich IRB to enhance degradation of complex substrates, which contributed higher sludge reduction. Band B15 and B16 showed high sequence similarity to Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans and Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum, respectively, which had the ability to oxidize Fe(II) [56]. Both of them were found in P6, while only band B16 was found in P2.…”

Section: Dgge Analysis Of the Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Influence of Micro-Oxygen Addition on Desulfurization Performance and Microbial Communities during Waste-Activated Sludge Digestion in a Rusty Scrap Iron-Loaded Anaerobic Digester

Ruan

Cao

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:In this study, micro-oxygen was integrated into a rusty scrap iron (RSI)-loaded anaerobic digester. Under an optimal RSI dosage of 20 g/L, increasing O 2 levels were added stepwise in seven stages in a semi-continuous experiment. Results showed the average methane yield was 306 mL/g COD (chemical oxygen demand), and the hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) concentration was 1933 ppmv with RSI addition. O 2 addition induced the microbial oxidation of sulphide by stimulating sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and chemical corrosion of iron, which promoted the generation of FeS and Fe 2 S 3 . In the 6th phase of the semi-continuous test, deep desulfurization was achieved without negatively impacting system performance. Average methane yield was 301.1 mL/g COD, and H 2 S concentration was 75 ppmv. Sulfur mass balance was described, with 84.0%, 11.90% and 0.21% of sulfur present in solid, liquid and gaseous phases, respectively. The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis revealed that RSI addition could enrich the diversity of hydrogenotrophic methanogens and iron-reducing bacteria to benefit methanogenesis and organic mineralization, and impoverish the methanotroph (Methylocella silvestris) to reduce the consumption of methane. Micro-oxygen supplementation could enhance the diversity of iron-oxidizing bacteria arising from the improvement of Fe(II) release rate and enrich the sulphur-oxidising bacteria to achieved desulfurization. These results demonstrated that RSI addition in combination with micro-oxygenation represents a promising method for simultaneously controlling biogas H 2 S concentration and improving digestion performance.

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“…Iron-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria have been reported in inactive sulfide structures at neutral pH using metal sulfides (such as pyrite) as electron donors (15). Members of the Actinobacteria include chemolithoautotrophic and heterotrophic iron (including pyrite) oxidizers (11,12,29,30), although they are acidophiles (optimum growth, pH Ͻ3). Our phylotypes in cluster A within the Actinobacteria have 91% similarity or less to the closest cultured species, the iron-oxidizing bacterium Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Members of the Actinobacteria include chemolithoautotrophic and heterotrophic iron (including pyrite) oxidizers (11,12,29,30), although they are acidophiles (optimum growth, pH Ͻ3). Our phylotypes in cluster A within the Actinobacteria have 91% similarity or less to the closest cultured species, the iron-oxidizing bacterium Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum (29). These unique phylogenetic clusters potentially contain iron-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs that are capable of using iron sulfides such as pyrite in the sulfide structures for growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography and Biodiversity in Sulfide Structures of Active and Inactive Vents at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Fields of the Southern Mariana Trough

Kato

Takano

Kakegawa

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

136

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The abundance, diversity, activity, and composition of microbial communities in sulfide structures both of active and inactive vents were investigated by culture-independent methods. These sulfide structures were collected at four hydrothermal fields, both on-and off-axis of the back-arc spreading center of the Southern Mariana Trough. The microbial abundance and activity in the samples were determined by analyzing total organic content, enzymatic activity, and copy number of the 16S rRNA gene. To assess the diversity and composition of the microbial communities, 16S rRNA gene clone libraries including bacterial and archaeal phylotypes were constructed from the sulfide structures. Despite the differences in the geological settings among the sampling points, phylotypes related to the Epsilonproteobacteria and cultured hyperthermophilic archaea were abundant in the libraries from the samples of active vents. In contrast, the relative abundance of these phylotypes was extremely low in the libraries from the samples of inactive vents. These results suggest that the composition of microbial communities within sulfide structures dramatically changes depending on the degree of hydrothermal activity, which was supported by statistical analyses. Comparative analyses suggest that the abundance, activity and diversity of microbial communities within sulfide structures of inactive vents are likely to be comparable to or higher than those in active vent structures, even though the microbial community composition is different between these two types of vents. The microbial community compositions in the sulfide structures of inactive vents were similar to those in seafloor basaltic rocks rather than those in marine sediments or the sulfide structures of active vents, suggesting that the microbial community compositions on the seafloor may be constrained by the available energy sources. Our findings provide helpful information for understanding the biogeography, biodiversity and microbial ecosystems in marine environments.

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Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Ferrithrix thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov.: heterotrophic, iron-oxidizing, extremely acidophilic actinobacteria

Cited by 168 publications

References 25 publications

Ecophysiology of Fe-Cycling Bacteria in Acidic Sediments

Ecophysiology of Fe-Cycling Bacteria in Acidic Sediments

The Influence of Micro-Oxygen Addition on Desulfurization Performance and Microbial Communities during Waste-Activated Sludge Digestion in a Rusty Scrap Iron-Loaded Anaerobic Digester

Biogeography and Biodiversity in Sulfide Structures of Active and Inactive Vents at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Fields of the Southern Mariana Trough

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