Fertility of long-term-stored boar semen: Influence of extender (Androhep and Kiev), storage time and plasma droplets in the semen

Waberski, Dagmar; Meding, S.; Dirksen, G; Weitze, K. F.; Leiding, C.; Hahn, R.

doi:10.1016/0378-4320(94)90061-2

Cited by 105 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…However, as shown by our trials, some extenders can demonstrate better performance also in the short term. When the use of semen doses is postponed (more than 3 to 4 days), in our opinion, it is necessary to use a long-term extender, which is more expensive but which can offer about a greater guarantee regarding semen longevity as confirmed by field trials (Johnson et al, 1988;Waberski et al, 1994). SFM could be a good choice because, as a homemade diluent, it is not so expensive but requires accuracy in preparation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of swine fertilisation medium (SFM) efficiency in preserving spermatozoa quality during long-term storage in comparison to four commercial swine extenders

Fantinati

Zannoni

Bernardini

et al. 2009

Animal

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In pig production, artificial insemination is widely carried out and the use of fresh diluted semen is predominant. For this reason, there are increasing interests in developing new extenders and in establishing the optimal storage conditions for diluted spermatozoa. In the last few decades, we utilised a homemade diluent (swine fertilisation medium (SFM)) for spermatozoa manipulation and biotechnological application as the production of transgenic pigs utilising the sperm-mediated gene transfer technique. The purpose of the present study is therefore to analyse the ability of SFM, in comparison to four commercial extenders, in preserving the quality of diluted boar semen stored at 16.58C till 15 days. We utilised some of the main predictive tests as objectively measured motility, acrosome and sperm membrane integrity, high mitochondrial membrane potential and pH. Based on our in vitro study, SFM could be declared as a good long-term extender, able to preserve spermatozoa quality as well as Androhep Enduraguard for up to 6 to 9 days and more.Keywords: boar, spermatozoa quality, extender, semen storage IntroductionArtificial insemination (AI) is used routinely because it is simple, economical and successful (Vishwanath, 2003); it remains the main vehicle, together with embryo transfer, for the rapid dispersal of valuable genes and reduces the sexual transmission of diseases (Thacker et al., 1984). The use of fresh diluted semen, preserved at 15 to 208C, is predominant (99% AI carried out worldwide/year) while AI with frozen semen, due to the low sperm survival after thawing, accounts for only 1% (Gerrits et al., 2005). For this reason, there has been increased interest in developing new extenders and in establishing the optimal storage conditions for diluted spermatozoa. In the last few decades, we utilised a homemade diluent (swine fertilisation medium (SFM)) for swine spermatozoa manipulation and biotechnological applications as the production of transgenic pigs utilising the sperm-mediated gene transfer technique (Lavitrano et al., 2002;Lavitrano et al., 2003), with good fertility results as well as in AI or surgical or laparoscopic inseminations Manzini et al., 2006). Nevertheless, this SFM has never been evaluated methodically in comparison to other well-defined commercial diluents.Even if extenders, in association with low temperature, can prolong the spermatozoa lifespan, the physiological senescence of sperm cells still cannot be completely avoided. Such a phenomenon can be composed of non-regulated capacitation-like modifications (Bailey et al., 2000), structural and functional changes (Johnson et al., 2000), loss of DNA integrity (Fraser and Strzezek, 2004) and membrane fatty acid peroxidation (Cerolini et al., 2000); these modifications can be postponed by using various extenders (Huo et al., 2002). Long-term extenders have some advantages; they allow better organisation at semen collection centres, longdistance transport and the possibility of conducting tests on the semen before use (Gadea, 2003); h...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of swine fertilisation medium (SFM) efficiency in preserving spermatozoa quality during long-term storage in comparison to four commercial swine extenders

Fantinati

Zannoni

Bernardini

et al. 2009

Animal

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“…A negative effect of infertile bull spermatozoa with retained CDs on normal bull spermatozoa was shown during bovine fertilization in vitro (Thundathil et al 2001). In boars, the proportion of spermatozoa with distal CDs in an ejaculate had a negative correlation with pregnancy rates and litter size (Waberski et al 1994). The accumulation of rejected CDs in semen could affect fertility directly by reducing sperm motility, or indirectly by releasing active enzymes and reactive oxygen species into seminal plasma (Aitken & Clarkson 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this species, shed CDs accumulate in the ejaculate in the form of cellular debris. The presence of CDs either on the sperm midpiece (Waberski et al 1994, Thundathil et al 2001 or detached in the ejaculate (Aitken & Clarkson 1988) could reduce the fertilizing ability of the ejaculated boar spermatozoa. While the CDs retained on the sperm midpiece can be accounted for using conventional light-microscopical semen analysis, it is difficult to quantify the amount of free, detached CDs in boar semen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

15-Lipoxygenase is a component of the mammalian sperm cytoplasmic droplet

Fischer¹,

Leyen²,

Lovercamp³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

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Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of enzymes capable of peroxidizing phospholipids. A member of the LOX family of enzymes, 15-LOX, participates in the degradation of mitochondria and other organelles within differentiating red blood cells, the reticulocytes. The present study provides biochemical and immunocytochemical evidence for the presence of 15-LOX in the sperm cytoplasmic droplet (CD). Testicular, epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa were evaluated for the presence of 15-LOX using an affinity-purified immune serum raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal sequence of rabbit reticulocyte 15-LOX. Western blotting revealed an appropriate single band of ,81 kDa in boar spermatozoa but not in boar seminal plasma. When ejaculated boar spermatozoa were subjected to separation on a 45/90% Percoll gradient, 15-LOX co-migrated with the immotile sperm and cellular debris/CD fractions, but not with the motile sperm fraction containing morphologically normal spermatozoa without CDs. Varied levels of 15-LOX were expressed in ejaculated sperm samples from boars with varied semen quality. By immunofluorescence, prominent 15-LOX immunoreactivity was found within the residual body in the testis and within the CDs from caput, corpus and cauda epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa. Components of the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway, which is thought to facilitate both spermiogenesis and reticulocyte organelle degradation, were also detected in the sperm CD. These included ubiquitin, the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase PGP 9.5, and various 20S proteasomal core subunits of the a-and b-type. The 15-LOX and various components of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway were also detected in sperm CDs of other mammalian species, including the human, mouse, stallion and wild babirusa boar. We conclude that 15-LOX is prominently present in the mammalian sperm CD and thus may contribute to spermiogenesis, CD function or CD removal. Reproduction (2005) 130 213-222

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“…Some may be caused by unsuitable rearing conditions. Some authors of the papers published in this field consider the level of AS occurrence to be an important marker for the semen quality besides the sperm motility (Leidl et al, 1971;Lyczynski and Pawlak, 1974;Blom and Andersen, 1975;Gamčík et al, 1976;Blom, 1977;Stemmler et al, 1982;Wekerle, 1982;Falkenberg et al, 1984;Yoshida and Kojima, 1989;Waberski et al, 1990Waberski et al, , 1994Itoh and Toyama, 1995;Itoh et al, 1996;Věžník et al, 2000;Louda et al, 2001;Corcuera et al, 2002;Gadea, 2002). According to Waberski et al (1990) two criteria are sufficient for the selection of boars for insemination or ejaculate: sperm motility and percentage of AS, especially when the semen is preserved and used for the insemination of sows after a longer time, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in boar semen with a high and low level of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa

Čeřovský¹,

Frydrychová²,

Lustyková³

et al. 2005

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Some shape abnormalities of spermatozoa (AS) can be a result of pathological processes that affect testicles and the epididymis tract, others can be caused genetically. Some may be caused by unsuitable rearing conditions. Some authors of the papers published in this field consider the level of AS occurrence to be an important marker for the semen quality besides the sperm motility (Leidl et al., 1971;Lyczynski and Pawlak, 1974;Blom and Andersen, 1975;Gamčík et al., 1976;Blom, 1977;Stemmler et al., 1982;Wekerle, 1982;Falkenberg et al., 1984;Yoshida and Kojima, 1989;Waberski et al., 1990Waberski et al., , 1994Itoh and Toyama, 1995;Itoh et al., 1996;Věžník et al., 2000;Louda et al., 2001;Corcuera et al., 2002;Gadea, 2002). According to Waberski et al. (1990) two criteria are sufficient for the selection of boars for insemination or ejaculate: sperm motility and percentage of AS, especially when the semen is preserved and used for the insemination of sows after a longer time, i.e. three to five days. Larsson et al. (1988) considered the motility and morphology of spermatozoa to be the most sensitive indicators of the heat stress of boars. Malmgren (1989) The aim of the paper was to find out the level of changes in the sperm quality in two groups of boars in the insemination (A and B) with diametrically different contents of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa (AS) with an interval of 25 weeks between semen collection I and collection II. In the group A there were 22 boars with the AS content up to 10%, in the group B 16 of boars with the AS content above 40% in collection I. Both groups were comparable concerning the parameters of the performance test results and in quantitative parameters of the semen from collection I. They differed significantly in the AS content (P < 0.01) and in the age (P < 0.05). In collection II in both groups the semen volume increased significantly (A -P < 0.01; B -P < 0.05), in the group A the number of spermatozoa per ejaculate and per day also increased (P < 0.01). In the group B there was an insignificant clear decrease in the sperm concentration (P > 0.05). In comparison with the group B the group A can be characterized as a group with significantly higher dynamics in the sperm production per ejaculate. An opposite trend was noted in the total AS content. In the group A there was a significant increase (P < 0.001) and in the group B a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in collection II. In the group A there was a deterioration of the AS content in 7 boars (31.8%), in the group B an improvement in 7 boars (43.7%). Particular monitored AS forms are given. A significant difference in the total AS content between both groups was in favour of the group A (P < 0.001). While no boars from the group A exceeded the limit in the AS content for the applicability of semen for insemination (in the Czech Republic 25%), in the group B they remained above this limit without applicability possibility. The detected variations and prevailing stability in the AS occurrence in boars kept in the same condi...

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Fertility of long-term-stored boar semen: Influence of extender (Androhep and Kiev), storage time and plasma droplets in the semen

Cited by 105 publications

References 1 publication

Evaluation of swine fertilisation medium (SFM) efficiency in preserving spermatozoa quality during long-term storage in comparison to four commercial swine extenders

Evaluation of swine fertilisation medium (SFM) efficiency in preserving spermatozoa quality during long-term storage in comparison to four commercial swine extenders

15-Lipoxygenase is a component of the mammalian sperm cytoplasmic droplet

Changes in boar semen with a high and low level of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa

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