Fetal origin of vascular aging

Abstract

Aging is increasingly regarded as an independent risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension and their complications (e.g. MI and Stroke). It is well known that vascular disease evolve over decades with progressive accumulation of cellular and extracellular materials and many inflammatory processes. Metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes are conventionally recognized as risk factors for development of coronary vascular disease (CVD). These conditions are known to accelerate ageing process in general and vascular ageing in particular. Adverse events during intrauterine life may programme organ growth and favour disease later in life, popularly known as, ‘Barker's Hypothesis’. The notion of fetal programming implies that during critical periods of prenatal growth, changes in the hormonal and nutritional milieu of the conceptus may alter the full expression of the fetal genome, leading to permanent effects on a range of physiological.

The emerging role of Notch pathway in ageing: Focus on the related mechanisms in age-related diseases

“…This is in accordance to the innovative concepts of fetal programming-imprinting based on theory popularized, for the first time in 1989, by Dr David Barker, and defined as "the fetal origin of adult disease (FOAD)" (Barker et al, 1989(Barker et al, , 2009Barker, 2004) (see Box 1). Such concepts have been corroborated by valid data obtained from diverse human cohorts and various animal models, leading to other emerging speculations as the concepts of fetal vascular ageing proposed in 2011 by Pitale and Sahasrabuddhe (2011). Thus, David Barker's observations continue to be confirmed and tested in the time across multicultural populations and animal models subjected to various constraints (Barker et al, 1989(Barker et al, , 2009Barker, 2004;Calkins and Devaskar, 2011).…”

Effect of particulate air pollution and passive smoking on surrogate biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in healthy children

“…Several studies have documented the association between ambient particulate matter (PM) and atherosclerosis. [10][11][12] Although the process of atherosclerosis begins early in life, 1 and although children are more vulnerable to the adverse health effects of air pollutants, 13,14 there is limited knowledge of the association between air pollutants, early atherosclerotic changes and endothelial dysfunction in the paediatric age group.…”

The Concept of Early Vascular Aging

“…Теломеры укорачиваются с возрастом у каждого человека, многие исследователи рассматривали прогрессирующее уменьшение теломер как признак старения человека в целом и как маркер старения артерий [15]. Перекрестные исследования также показали, что у пациентов с повышенной артериальной жесткостью имелись более короткие теломеры [17]. Была выявлена обратная корреляция между длиной теломер и артериальной жесткостью, измеренной с помощью скорости пульсовой волны [18][19][20][21].…”

“…Эти потенциальные ангиопротекторные свойства могут иметь большое значение для пациентов с признаками EVA. Лечение статинами позволяет уменьшить проявления EVA у пациентов с дислипидемией [17].…”