Fiber optic coloscope and sigmoidoscope

Magnifying electronic endoscopes are frequently used to evaluate the pit patterns of the colorectal mucosa, but such endoscopes suffer from a number of problems. For example, they tend to have long, hard tips and heavy controller sections. In addition, the magnified endoscopic images obtained are often quite coarse due to the small number of pixels in the charge-coupled device (CCD). As a result, at higher magnification ratios, the orientation of the field of view is easily lost. A newly developed prototype colorectal electronic endoscope (Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo) overcomes these problems. The length of the hard tip of the scope and the weight of the controller section are comparable to those of the TCE-3680MH (Toshiba Corporation). High-resolution magnified images can be obtained, because a 410,000-pixel CCD is employed. Two magnification methods are available, optical magnification and electronic zooming, permitting images to be magnified by a factor of up to 90–120 without losing the orientation of the field of view. This newly developed magnifying electronic endoscope was found to be very useful, allowing us to observe the pit patterns of the colorectal mucosa in 82 small colorectal polyps measuring 7 mm or less in diameter.

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“…The history of colorectal endoscopy can be traced back to 1963, when Turell designed the first fiberscope for the examination of the colon [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnified Examination of Small Colorectal Polyps Using a Prototype Electronic Endoscope

Katayama

Namiki

Iwakoshi

et al. 1999

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy

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“…He reported his experiences with a fiberoptic illumination system, which represented little more than a Hirschowitz ACMI gastroscope adapted for use as a colonoscope, in the American Journal of Surgery. 30 Despite his pioneering efforts with a "flexible fiberoptic colonoscope," Turell expressed reservations about the application and development of the flexible instrument for colonoscopic use. Nevertheless, market versions of these devices were introduced in 1965, and the first total colonoscopy performed in a human subject was reported in the same year by Luciano Provenzale and Antonio Revignas of Cagliari University, Sardinia, Italy (Figure 10).…”

Section: The Colonmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Lumen to the Laparoscope

Modlin¹,

Kidd²,

Lye³

2004

Arch Surg

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“…The first flexible fiberoptic colonoscope for examination of the colon was produced by the American Cystoscope Makers, Inc., and was displayed in 1963 in the American Journal of Surgery [125]. Early efforts to pass the flexible endoscope proximal from the anus were met with difficulty.…”

Section: Diagnostic To Therapeutic Endoscopy (1960s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the surgeon in the evolution of flexible endoscopy

et al. 2006

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Several cultures, including the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Arabs, made attempts to view accessible human body cavities using a variety of instruments such as spatulas and specula. The first endoscope was created in 1806 when Phillip Bozzini, a German-born urologist, constructed the lichtleiter, which used concave mirrors to reflect candlelight through an open tube into the esophagus, bladder, or rectum. Maximilian Carl-Friedrich Nitze, another German urologist, produced the first usable cystoscope in 1877 by using series of lenses to increase magnification. He was also the first to place light inside the organ of interest to aid visualization. In 1880 Mikulicz made the first gastroscope using a system similar to Nitze's cystoscope. Modern endoscopy was born with the introduction of the fiberoptic endoscope in the late 1950s. Over the ensuing 50 years endoscopy revolutionized many aspects of the surgeon's practice. Endoscopy can now be used to diagnose and often treat gastrointestinal cancer, hemorrhage, obstruction, and inflammatory conditions. This review was initiated by the SAGES Flexible Endoscopy Committee to chronicle the role of the surgeon in the development and introduction of flexible endoscopy into clinical practice, historically and in contemporary surgery. Flexible endoscopy evolved out of surgeons' need to overcome diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. There have been many recent technological advances that facilitate endoluminal therapies, and flexible endoscopy is now traversing new ground. Surgeons have been major contributors in the development of all aspects of endoscopy. There is a continually expanding list of therapeutic options available to patients. The difficult questions of which procedure, on which patient, and when can be answered best by the surgeon versed in endoscopic, laparoscopic, and open surgical techniques.

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Fiber optic coloscope and sigmoidoscope

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Magnified Examination of Small Colorectal Polyps Using a Prototype Electronic Endoscope

Magnified Examination of Small Colorectal Polyps Using a Prototype Electronic Endoscope

From the Lumen to the Laparoscope

The role of the surgeon in the evolution of flexible endoscopy

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