Field Investigation of Indoor Thermal Environments in Traditional Chinese Shophouses with Courtyards in Malacca

Kubota, Tetsu; Toe, Doris Hooi Chyee; Ossen, Dilshan Remaz

doi:10.3130/jaabe.13.247

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Courtyards are still used today around the world, taking advantage of local climate characteristics. They remain a traditional building component in Asia, the Middle East, South America, and Mediterranean countries [1][2][3][4][5]. Jang and Ham [6] conducted a study of courtyard-type apartments in South Korea, reviewing the layout, access, and number of the courtyard story.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Luo

Wang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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A courtyard is a traditional and popular construction feature found in China’s urban buildings. This case study evaluates the performance of the traditional courtyard design of the Jiangnan Museum, located in Jiangsu Province. In the evaluation, the spatial layout of courtyards is adjusted, the aspect ratio is changed, and an ecological buffer space is created. To model and evaluate the performance of the courtyard design, this study applied the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Parabolic Hyperbolic Or Elliptic Numerical Integration Code Series (PHOENICS), for wind environment simulation, and the EnergyPlus-based software, DesignBuilder, for energy simulation. Results show that a good combination of courtyard layout and aspect ratio can improve the use of natural ventilation by increasing free cooling during hot summers and reducing cold wind in winters. The results also show that ecological buffer areas of a courtyard can reduce cooling loads in summer by approximately 19.6% and heating loads in winter by approximately 22.3%. The study provides insights into the optimal design of a courtyard to maximize its benefit in regulating the microclimate during both winter and summer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Luo

Wang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…A significant correlation is evident between courtyard's sky view factors and air temperature, especially in the daily maximum air temperature and its average value. Reducing the courtyard's sky view factor reduces its air temperature [34]. Kubota [34] shows that cool outdoor air temperatures (about 27-29°C) most likely pass through the building from opening ventilations including exterior walls and upper openings of the courtyards.…”

Section: Sharples and Bensalemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reducing the courtyard's sky view factor reduces its air temperature [34]. Kubota [34] shows that cool outdoor air temperatures (about 27-29°C) most likely pass through the building from opening ventilations including exterior walls and upper openings of the courtyards. Meanwhile, a slightly better cooling effect at night achieved by the use of dull day ventilation of courtyard houses even though the exterior windows were closed.…”

Section: Sharples and Bensalemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Courtyard as Tropical Hot Humid Passive Design Strategy: Case Study of Indonesian Contemporary Houses in Surabaya Indonesia

Nugroho

Citraningrum

Iyati

et al. 2020

JDBE

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Courtyard in building contributes to indoor thermal environment. Courtyard element is commonly applied as passive cooling strategy in the design of boarding house in Indonesia. Courtyard has a potential aspect of being micro climate-modifier to reduce indoor air temperature during the day. This paper discusses the effects of courtyards on indoor thermal environment in Indonesian contemporary boarding houses using field measurement. This paper focuses on the indoor air temperature reduction of 5 courtyard houses design of the contemporary boarding house in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The field experiment method was used for two physical environmental variables: the air temperature and relative humidity. Each sensor was shaded with a paper cups wrapped with the aluminum foil to prevent the effect of direct thermal radiation. Measurement was taken for approximately 23 days continuously in each building. The results of the measurement exposed that the form and enclosure element is pivotal in its thermal environment design consideration for tropical climate. Meanwhile, utilizing ventilation blocks as the primary enclosure also help reduce air temperature in hot-humid climates. The results showed that the indoor air temperatures in the courtyard and surrounding room were approximately 0.3-1.7Â°C lower than the outdoor air temperature during daytime. During night-time, indoor air temperatures inside swing to 0.8-1.9Â°C higher than the outdoor. The results of the thermal environment evaluation revealed that indoor air temperatures can be categorized as a neutral temperature of the measurement period. Therefore, the application of courtyards in contemporary boarding houses have proven as possible means of achieving sufficient cooling effects through full-day ventilation strategy, and showed improved performance when combined with ventilated blocks.

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“…Arabs often use it especially in house, Mosques and palaces. As for Chinese, Courtyards were similarly observed in the design of Chinese traditional home, temple and palace [21]. The growing interest in the use of courtyards in various types of contemporary architectural projects including residential, educational, healthcare and Mosques, so their function was to improve comfort conditions by modifying the microclimate around the building and by improving ventilation.…”

Section: Courtyard Thermal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental analysis of Nanjing Mosque courtyard layout based on CFD simulation technology

Alhasan

Cheng

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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Courtyards are claimed to be extremely effective in improving the freshening and decreasing the humidity level, also showed a strong correlation between courtyard wall surface temperatures. The article aims to evaluate the thermal effects of a Mosque courtyard quantitatively and to suggest guidelines to design more sustainable built environments in the climate zone. In this part, Chinese Mosques in Nanjing city with different layouts and weather conditions were analyzed. The Mosque climate design discussed in this study is temperature and wind velocity. Briefly, the main essence is to clarify the differences between different Mosque layouts and to determine if the feature of courtyard orientation would make this Mosque style efficient.

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Field Investigation of Indoor Thermal Environments in Traditional Chinese Shophouses with Courtyards in Malacca

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Courtyard as Tropical Hot Humid Passive Design Strategy: Case Study of Indonesian Contemporary Houses in Surabaya Indonesia

Environmental analysis of Nanjing Mosque courtyard layout based on CFD simulation technology

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