Field Sampling Method for Quantifying Odorants in Humid Environments

Trabue, Steven; Scoggin, Kenwood; Li, Hong; Burns, Robert T.; Xin, Hongwei

doi:10.1021/es7031407

Cited by 60 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Field sampling and analysis of sorbent tubes followed modified procedures developed in Trabue et al (2008a). In brief, air samples were collected on glass sorbent tubes (178 Â 6 mm diameter) containing a multi-bed sorbent packing of Carbopack C and Carbopack X (1:2 ratio v/v).…”

Section: Sorbent Tube Sampling and Analysis (To-17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal desorption (TDS) parameters were exactly the same as Trabue et al (2008a). The PTV inlet method was modified using a glass bead/Carbopack C packed inlet (previously glass beads only) and using a 1 min delay in the purge split flow (previously 0.01 min delay) making this procedure essentially a splitless injection.…”

Section: Sorbent Tube Sampling and Analysis (To-17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have not been detected with canister sampling and analysis from animal feeding operations (Koziel et al, 2005;Blunden et al, 2005;Filipy et al, 2006) and they are known to be a significant VOC associated with animal production (Zahn et al, 1997;Zahn et al, 2001;Ngwabie et al, 2008). Even alternative air sampling techniques such as sorbent tubes (USEPA Method TO-17) have their own short comings especially when sampling in humid environments using molecular sieve sorbents (Helmig and Vierling, 1995;Gawlowski et al, 1999;Trabue et al, 2008a). Rabaud et al (2002) noted problems with excess water when sampling air from a dairy facility in California.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabaud et al (2002) noted problems with excess water when sampling air from a dairy facility in California. While sorbent material such as Carbopack X have been shown to trap both volatile and semi-volatile compounds in humid environments (Trabue et al, 2008a), it is poor at trapping and quantifying alcohols (Kornacki et al, 2005) a key VOC from AFOs (Blunden et al, 2005;Filipy et al, 2006;Ngwabie et al, 2008;Sun et al, 2008). Consequently, we propose using multiple techniques as complementary methods since a single technique would miss a significant fraction of the VOCs associated with AFOs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation of volatile organic compounds from poultry production

Trabue

Scoggin

et al. 2010

Atmospheric Environment

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from poultry production are leading source of air quality problems. However, little is known about the speciation and levels of VOCs from poultry production. The objective of this study was the speciation of VOCs from a poultry facility using evacuated canisters and sorbent tubes. Samples were taken during active poultry production cycle and between production cycles. Levels of VOCs were highest in areas with birds and the compounds in those areas had a higher percentage of polar compounds (89%) compared to aliphatic hydrocarbons (2.2%). In areas without birds, levels of VOCs were 1/3 those with birds present and compounds had a higher total percentage of aliphatic hydrocarbons (25%). Of the VOCs quantified in this study, no single sampling method was capable of quantifying more than 55% of compounds and in several sections of the building each sampling method quantified less than 50% of the quantifiable VOCs. Key classes of chemicals quantified using evacuated canisters included both alcohols and ketones, while sorbent tube samples included volatile fatty acids and ketones. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from poultry production are leading source of air quality problems. However, little is known about the speciation and levels of VOCs from poultry production. The objective of this study was the speciation of VOCs from a poultry facility using evacuated canisters and sorbent tubes. Samples were taken during active poultry production cycle and between production cycles. Levels of VOCs were highest in areas with birds and the compounds in those areas had a higher percentage of polar compounds (89%) compared to aliphatic hydrocarbons (2.2%). In areas without birds, levels of VOCs were 1/3 those with birds present and compounds had a higher total percentage of aliphatic hydrocarbons (25%). Of the VOCs quantified in this study, no single sampling method was capable of quantifying more than 55% of compounds and in several sections of the building each sampling method quantified less than 50% of the quantifiable VOCs. Key classes of chemicals quantified using evacuated canisters included both alcohols and ketones, while sorbent tube samples included volatile fatty acids and ketones. The top five compounds made up close to 70% of VOCs and included: 1) acetic acid (830.1 mg m À3 ); 2) 2,3-butanedione (680.6 mg m À3 ); 3) methanol (195.8 mg m À3 ); 4) acetone (104.6 mg m À3 ); and 5) ethanol (101.9 mg m À3 ). Location variations for top five compounds averaged 49.5% in each section of the building and averaged 87% for the entire building.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Section: Sorbent Tube Sampling and Analysis (To-17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sorbent Tube Sampling and Analysis (To-17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation of volatile organic compounds from poultry production

Trabue

Scoggin

et al. 2010

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Some studies have identified and quantified the concentrations of gaseous compounds emitted from swine waste and swine operations (Lo et al, 2008;O'Neill and Phillips, 1992;Zahn et al, 1997;Schiffman et al, 2001;Zahn et al, 2001). Trabue et al (2008b) used sorbent tubes packed with Carbopack X and Carbopack C to collect air samples at approximately 1 m above the floor inside a tunnelventilated swine finishing building in Iowa. Using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system to analyze the samples, they observed that butanoic acid (28.8 μg m ) were the compounds detected most often above their odor detection threshold values.…”

Section: ) the Emissions Of Specific Vocs Varied Between Seasons Simentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 3. Chemical Emissions

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to measure the long-term odor emissions and corresponding concentrations and emissions of 20 odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study was an add-on study to the National Air Emission Monitoring Study (NAEMS). Odor and odorous gas measurements at four NAEMS sites, including dairy barns in Wisconsin (WI5B) and Indiana (IN5B), a swine finisher barn in Indiana (IN3B), and swine gestation and farrowing barns in Iowa (IA4B), were conducted from November 2007 to May 2009. The odorous gas samples were collected every two weeks using sorbent tubes (samples were collected twice each season of the year, with the exception of spring 2009 when samples were collected three times) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O). In this article, we summarize the measured gas concentrations and emissions of the 20 target VOCs from each of the four sites. The average total odorous VOC concentrations for the entire sampling period were 276, 96.9, 1413 and 394 Î¼g dsm -3 for WI5B, IN5B, IN3B, and IA4B, respectively. For the swine sites, the highest seasonal average total odorous VOC concentrations for each barn were observed during spring (1890 Î¼g dsm -3 for IN3B and 458 Î¼g dsm -3 for IA4B). For the dairy sites, the highest seasonal average total odorous VOC concentrations were observed in winter at WI5B (446 Î¼g dsm -3 ) and in summer at IN5B (129 Î¼g dsm -3 ). The average total emission rates for the 20 odorous VOCs were 290 mg h -1 AU -1 (WI5B), 36.0 mg h -1 AU -1 (IN5B), 743 mg h -1 AU -1 (IN3B), 33.9 mg h -1 AU -1 (IA4B swine gestation barns), and 91.7 mg h -1 AU -1 (IA4B swine farrowing room). The average seasonal total odorous VOC emission rates were highest during summer at WI5B (805 mg h -1 AU -1 ), IN5B (121 mg h -1 AU -1 ), and IN3B (1250 mg h -1 AU -1 ) and during spring at IA4B (95.8 mg h -1 AU -1 ). The emissions of specific VOCs varied between seasons, sites, and species. To date, this is the most comprehensive VOC measurement survey of odorous compound emission rates from commercial livestock buildings. KeywordsAnimal feeding operations, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Volatile organic compounds

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Ammonia and Malodorous Gases: Sources and Abatement Technologies

Feilberg

Sommer

2013

Animal Manure Recycling

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Field Sampling Method for Quantifying Odorants in Humid Environments

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Speciation of volatile organic compounds from poultry production

Speciation of volatile organic compounds from poultry production

Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 3. Chemical Emissions

Ammonia and Malodorous Gases: Sources and Abatement Technologies

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