“…This study will use the sol-gel spin coating technique because it has several advantages, namely having a short crystallization process, the use of low temperatures, nanoparticles, pure yields, economic and simple in nature (Yati et al, 2017;. Some of the variables involved in the sol-gel spin coating technique are solution concentration, doping concentration, rotational speed, turnaround time, solution aging time, layer repetition, and heat treatment .…”