Fire Retardants for Thermoplastics

Three azine oligomeric esters were synthesized, characterized by IR, UV, 1H, 13C{1H} and GPC technique, and applied to chemosensor application. The sensitivity response of the oligomers towards the metal ion was evaluated for a metal ion series. The results have shown selective and sensitive “turn off” fluorescence response towards Fe3+ ion in DMF/H2O (1:1, pH: 7.4, fluorophore: 5 μM) solution. The binding stoichiometry and binding constant of the fluorophores were calculated using the Stern–Volmer equation and Benesi–Hildebrand plots, respectively. The quenching of fluorophores on the addition of Fe3+ ion indicates the capability of fluorophore towards quantitative analysis of Fe3+. The dimer of oligomers was theoretically studied using DFT, B3LYP/6-311G level basic set to support and explain the quenching mechanism of LMCT, PET process and to explain the DC, AC electrical studies results. The electrical conductivity measurements of solid-state, I2 doped and undoped oligomers were carried out and the conductivity gradually increases with increase in iodine vapor contact time of oligomers. The electrical conductivity was related with band gap and charge density values of imine nitrogen obtained by Huckel calculations. The dielectric measurements at different temperatures and frequencies were made by two probe method. Among the oligomers, EBHAP has recorded a high dielectric constant at the low applied frequency of 50 Hz at 373 K due to loosely attached π bonds resulting good polarization.

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“…Based on LOI values, the EBHOP oligomer has high self-extinguishing and low flammability than the other oligomers. 34…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe³⁺Chemosensors

Manigandan

Muthusamy

Nandhakumar

et al. 2021

High Performance Polymers

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“…For the former, phosphorus can quench flammable particles such as H· or HO· 5. For the latter mechanism, these compounds can form glasslike polyphosphoric acid on heating, to protect the burning surface,6–8 or can form inflammable phosphorus–carbon char by reacting with organic components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame‐retarding materials. II. Synthesis and flame‐retarding properties of phosphorus‐on‐pendent and phosphorus‐on‐skeleton polyols and the corresponding polyurethanes

Wang¹,

Cho

Kuo

2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A phosphorus-on-skeleton compound was synthesized by reacting phenyl dichlorophosphate (PDCP) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). This monomer was then copolymerized with other acrylic monomers to form a hydroxy-containing copolymer, which was then used as the polyol in the synthesis of a polyurethane. Phosphorus-on-pendent copolymers and phosphorus-free copolymers and their corresponding polyurethanes were also prepared for comparison with the phosphorus-onskeleton material in terms of their flame-retardant properties. The flame retardancy and degradation mechanism of these copolymers and polyurethanes were analyzed with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and infrared spectroscopy. Although those phosphorus-on-skeleton copolymer polyols have less flame-retarding ability than that of the phosphorus-on-pendent copolymer polyol because of less phosphorus content, it was evident that the phosphorus-on-skeleton polyurethanes were more effective flame retardants than the phosphorus-on-pendent polyurethanes. This was attributed to the fact that the crosslinking arising from the phosphorus-on-skeleton copolymer polyols has a tremendous effect on the flame-retarding ability of the corresponding polyurethanes.

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“…For the latter, it can vided into organic materials like phosphorus compounds and halogenated compounds, or inorganic form a polyphosphoric acid-like glass upon heatmaterials like metal oxides, 2 metal hydroxides, 3 ing to protect the burning surface, [9][10][11] or it can and metal borates. 4,5 Recently, nonhalogenated form inflammable P-C char by reacting with orflame retardants have been desired in many counganic components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame-retarding materials?I. Syntheses and flame-retarding property of alkylphosphate-type polyols and corresponding polyurethanes

Kuo

Chang

Wang³

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:In this research, oligomeric polyalkyl phosphate-type polyols ( P% Å 14 -17 ) were synthesized from ethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol ( PBE or PBB ) by means of butyl phosphorodichloridate, which was prepared from phosphorus oxychloride and butanol. These polyols were then reacted with isocyanate to form the corresponding polyurethanes ( PETD and PBTD ) . These polyols were characterized by FTIR, 1 H-NMR, and 31 P-NMR, and the thermal stabililties were measured by thermogravimetry analysis. The degradation phenomena were traced by FTIR and interpreted in terms of the degradation and formation of bonds. The corresponding polyurethanes were also characterized by FTIR and 1 H-NMR, and their thermal stability was also studied by thermogravimetry analysis.

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Fire Retardants for Thermoplastics

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe³⁺Chemosensors

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe³⁺Chemosensors

Flame‐retarding materials. II. Synthesis and flame‐retarding properties of phosphorus‐on‐pendent and phosphorus‐on‐skeleton polyols and the corresponding polyurethanes

Flame-retarding materials?I. Syntheses and flame-retarding property of alkylphosphate-type polyols and corresponding polyurethanes

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Fire Retardants for Thermoplastics

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe3+Chemosensors

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe3+Chemosensors

Flame‐retarding materials. II. Synthesis and flame‐retarding properties of phosphorus‐on‐pendent and phosphorus‐on‐skeleton polyols and the corresponding polyurethanes

Flame-retarding materials?I. Syntheses and flame-retarding property of alkylphosphate-type polyols and corresponding polyurethanes

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Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe³⁺Chemosensors

Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigations and fluorescent sensing behavior of oligomeric azine-based Fe³⁺Chemosensors