Fire Structural Response of the Plasco Building: A Preliminary Investigation Report

Behnam, Behrouz

doi:10.1007/s40999-018-0332-x

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This building had originally been designed as light commercial center in Tehran, but later larger live loads had been imposed to the building. In this regard, Behnam analyzed the Plasco building and showed that stress ratio of members under the increased gravity load were higher than 0.8. In the present study, the maximum stress ratio of columns under original gravity load ratio is about 0.36.…”

Section: Analyses and Results For The Regular Frame In Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse analysis of regular and irregular tall steel moment frames under fire loading

Heshmati

Aghakouchak

2019

Structural Design Tall Build

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study is carried out to evaluate the progressive collapse of steel buildings under fire event. To this end, a 15-story steel structure with moment-resisting system and composite floors is considered. The effects of various parameters such as beam section size, gravity load ratio, vertical irregularity of resisting system, and location of fire compartments on collapse modes are investigated numerically. Different temperature-time curves are defined across the composite floors according to the Eurocode 4. It is found that local collapse of the frames at the ground floor fire is triggered by the buckling of the interior heated columns at approximately 540°C. The redistributed loads by floors delay the global collapse at least 45 min. Increasing gravity loads accelerates the global collapse of the frames significantly. The heated columns of the middle floor buckle at higher temperature compared to the ground floor heated columns and no global collapse occur due to this scenario. In general, the potential of collapse of the regular and irregular frame due to fire in the edge bay is higher compared to the fire in the middle bay. It is also found that the local and global collapse of regular frames occur earlier than irregular frames. KEYWORDS collapse mode, column buckling, concrete slab, progressive collapse, tall steel frame, vertical irregularity 1 | INTRODUCTION The fire-induced collapse of real tall steel buildings such as the World Trade Centre (WTC) Towers in New York (2001), Windsor Tower in Madrid (2005), and the Plasco building in Tehran (2017) provided important information about the stability and progressive collapse of high-rise buildings during fire events. The progressive collapse of structures is defined as "the spread of an initial local failure from element to element, resulting eventually in the collapse of an entire structure or a disproportionately large part of it". [1] The level of damage to the buildings due to fire can be extensive and is dependent on various factors such as material properties, intensity and duration of fire, and also external factors such as wind conditions, firefighting operation, and building height. While steel materials have been widely used in many tall structures, temperature sensitivity of steel material is a major disadvantage, since the mechanical properties of steel deteriorate significantly at high temperatures. According to Eurocode 3, [2] the yield stress of steel remains unchanged up to 400°C. But at 700°C and 900°C, it reduces to 23% and 6% of ambient temperature yield stress, respectively. Also the yield stress and modulus of elasticity of steel material reach almost zero at 1,200°C.Fire and heat in buildings cause changes in the geometry (thermal expansion) and material properties (reduction of stiffness and strength) of structural members. In the frame structures in early stages of fire, the thermal expansion effects are crucial, and then, if further increase in temperature occurs, the reduction of stiffness and strength of materials will be more import...

show abstract

Section: Analyses and Results For The Regular Frame In Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse analysis of regular and irregular tall steel moment frames under fire loading

Heshmati

Aghakouchak

2019

Structural Design Tall Build

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Apart from the WTC buildings, high levels of temperature inhomogeneity in the large compartments with such developing/spreading fire features have been reported on many other occasions: the First Interstate Bank Building in Los Angeles in 1988, 5 the Windsor Tower in Madrid in 2005, 6 and more recently the Plasco Building in Tehran in 2017. 7,8 Furthermore, experimental evidence from dedicated tests has also shown a high degree of temperature heterogeneity in such compartments and the corresponding threat to the structures, with relevant experiments reviewed by Stern-Gottfried and Rein in 2012, 9 and Dai et al in 2017. 10 These facts underline the urgent need for a better description of fire scenarios for structural design, recognizing the trend towards the larger spatial layouts often preferred in contemporary architecture.…”

Section: Why Travelling Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It suggests that smaller opening widths would yield higher steel temperatures and longer heating durations. The reason is probably that reducing the opening width will confine more upper smoke layer mass and energy within the compartment, that is, less mass and energy from the hot upper layer is lost through the openings, as suggested by Equations (6) and (7). When the travelling fire scenarios have relatively small opening widths, that is, 1.5, 2, and 3.5 m, their maximum temperatures seem to coincide to an upper limit, at approximately 1106 C. The small opening sizes may constrain the ambient air inflow through the compartment cold layer, with _ m a ð Þ max = 0:52A v ffiffiffiffiffi ffi H v p (Section 2.2) for ventilation-controlled burning, while oxygen is limited.…”

Section: Further Parametric Studies On Using Etfm Framework For Thementioning

confidence: 99%

An extended travelling fire method framework for performance‐based structural design

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary This paper presents the extended travelling fire method (ETFM) framework, which considers both energy and mass conservation for the fire design of large compartments. To identify its capabilities and limitations, the framework is demonstrated in representing the travelling fire scenario in the Veselí Travelling Fire Test. The comparison between the framework and the test is achieved through performing a numerical investigation of the thermal response of the structural elements. The framework provides good characterization of maximum steel temperatures and the relative timing of thermal response curves along the travelling fire trajectory, though it does not currently address a non‐uniform fire spread rate. The test conditions are then generalized for parametric studies, which are used to quantify the impact of other design parameters, including member emissivity, convective heat transfer coefficient, total/radiative heat loss fractions, fire spread rate, fire load density, and various compartment opening dimension parameters. Within the constraints of this study, the inverse opening factor and total heat loss prove to be the most critical parameters for structural fire design.

show abstract

“…The electric current that is caused by the lighting strike heats up the structure so that it can start fires [38]. Besides, fire alone can also be the main factor that leads to structural failure [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of the Collapse of a Steel Truss Roof and a Probable Reason of Failure

Tüfekçi

Dikicioğlu

2020

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the failure of the roof, with steel truss construction, of a factory building in Tekirdag in the northwestern part of Turkey. The failure occurred under hefty weather conditions including lightning strikes, heavy rain, and fierce winds. In order to interpret the reason for the failure, the effects of different combinations of factors on the design and dimensioning of the roof were studied. Finite element analysis, using the commercial software Abaqus (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France), was performed several times under different assumptions and considering different factors with the aim of determining the dominant factors that were responsible for the failure. Each loading condition gives out a characteristic form of failure. The scenario with the most similar form of failure to the real collapse is considered as the most likely scenario of failure. In addition, the factors included in this scenario are expected to be the responsible factors for the partial collapse of the steel truss structure.

show abstract

Fire Structural Response of the Plasco Building: A Preliminary Investigation Report

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Collapse analysis of regular and irregular tall steel moment frames under fire loading

Collapse analysis of regular and irregular tall steel moment frames under fire loading

An extended travelling fire method framework for performance‐based structural design

Numerical Investigation of the Collapse of a Steel Truss Roof and a Probable Reason of Failure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About