“…were known as early as 1862 in France (Tompkins, 1939). The virus is endemic in temperate and tropical regions and has a very wide geographical distribution in the world (Farzadfar et al, 2009; Kawakubo et al, 2021; Korkmaz, Onder, Tomitaka, & Ohshima, 2007; Korkmaz, Tomitaka, Onder, & Ohshima, 2008; Nguyen, Tran, & Ohshima, 2013; Ohshima et al, 2002; Provvidenti, 1996; Shevchenko, Yasaka, Tymchyshyn, Shevchenko, & Ohshima, 2018; Tomimura et al, 2004; Tomitaka & Ohshima, 2006; Tomitaka, Yamashita, & Ohshima, 2007; Yasaka et al, 2017). The centre of emergence is thought to be located in Mediterranean and Middle East countries (Yasaka et al, 2017).…”