“…For example, the coinage metals, which are characterized by a filled d shell plus an outer, unpaired s electron, are weakly bound to the surface (with adhesion energy less of 1 eV) because of the Pauli repulsion with the electron density of the oxide . The catalytic properties of systems formed by a single atom or small clusters absorbed on the regular and defected MgO surfaces have been studied by monitoring the absorption of probe molecules on the metal atoms. ,,− The real-time monitoring of cluster growth on MgO offered by GISAXS 9 has further promoted the study of the minimum structure configurations of metal clusters and extended deposition on regular and defected MgO(100) surfaces in order to extract information on the mechanism of nucleation and growth and on the modifications in structure and properties induced in the metal aggregate by absorption on the oxide surface. ,,− In particular, the study of the small clusters and extended deposition of coinage metals (Cu and Ag) has been performed through standard DFT calculations, − Car Parrinello calculations, − and a thermodynamic model describing the metal/oxide system in terms of a solid solution. , The general conclusion is that the Cu and Ag interactions with the regular surface are weak. Small clusters are absorbed in an upright position with negligible modifications with respect to the gas-phase structure and are able to diffuse over the surface through leapfrog, twisting, and rolling movements.…”