First Report of <i>Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae</i> Causing Postharvest Fruit Rot of Lemon in Turkey

Awan, Qamar Nawaz; Akgül, Davut Soner; Ünal, Gülsüm

doi:10.1094/pdis-04-16-0512-pdn

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…L. pseudotheobromae was also isolated from the leaf and twig of Magnolia candolii as an endophyte and a saprobe [ 19 ]. It has been reported to be associated with citrus stem-end rot disease in Bangladesh and the postharvest fruit rot of lemon in Turkey [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot of Citrus in China

Chen

Zhu

Fù

et al. 2021

Plants

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Considering the huge economic loss caused by postharvest diseases, the identification and prevention of citrus postharvest diseases is vital to the citrus industry. In 2018, 16 decayed citrus fruit from four citrus varieties—Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), Ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Ponkan), Nanfeng mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. nanfengmiju), and Sugar orange (Citrus reticulata Blanco)—showing soft rot and sogginess on their surfaces and covered with white mycelia were collected from storage rooms in seven provinces. The pathogens were isolated and the pathogenicity of the isolates was tested. The fungal strains were identified as Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF), and beta-tubulin (TUB) gene sequences. The strains could infect wounded citrus fruit and cause decay within two days post inoculation, but could not infect unwounded fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of citrus fruit decay caused by L. pseudotheobromae in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot of Citrus in China

Chen

Zhu

Fù

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae is better known as a common fungal pathogen that causes diseases on large number of hosts plants in the tropics and subtropics such as on mango which causes dieback disease [17,18], which can cause trunk cankers in Acacia mangium in Venezuela [19], postharvest fruit rot of lemon in Turkey [20], and persimmon rot in Brazil [21]. However, recently, it has been known as an endophytic fungus which residing in various parts of host plants and has been reported to exhibit various pharmaceutical activities such antibacterial [22,23], xanthine oxidase inhibitory [24], fibrinolytic [25], and anticancer [26] activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of an endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae IBRL OS-64 residing in leaves of a medicinal herb, Ocimum sanctum Linn

2019

jabb

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The study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of an endophytic fungal isolate, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae IBRL OS-64 residing in leaves of a medicinal herb, Ocimum sanctum Linn. Qualitative screening of the antimicrobial activity was done using an agar plug assay, and the results showed that the fungal isolate was able to inhibit all the 13 test bacteria. Three Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] ATCC 33591, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans) were the most susceptible species with the inhibition zones of ≥21 mm. The other three (Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Bacillus subtilis IBRL A3, and Streptococcus agalactiae) showed the inhibition zones of 11-≤20 mm of diameter. As for Gram-negative bacteria, Yersinia enterocolitica was the most susceptible to the fungal isolate with the size of inhibition zone of ≥21 mm, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella boydii ATCC 9207 with the inhibition zones of 11-≤20 mm, whereas Escherichia coli IBRL 0157, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27883 were the least susceptible with the inhibition zones of ≤10 mm. Quantitative screening using disc diffusion assay showed that the fungal ethyl acetate extract prepared from the fermentative broth (extracellular) exhibited better antibacterial activity compared to the methanolic extract prepared from the fungal biomass (intracellular). The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited antibacterial activity against all the 13 test bacteria with the inhibition zone sizes of 20.0 ± 0.3-31.3 ± 1.2 mm in diameter for Gram-positive bacteria and 10.31 ± 0.6-20.1 ± 0.6 mm in diameter for Gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, the methanolic extract only inhibited three Gram-positive bacteria (MRSA ATCC 33591, S. aureus, and S. mutans) with the inhibition zones of 9.0 ± 0.6-11.0 ± 0.3 mm in diameter, whereas only one Gram-negative (S. typhimurium) with the inhibition zone size of 13.3 ± 1.5 mm diameter. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the ethyl acetate extract on Gram-positive bacteria were in the range of 62.50-125.00 and 62.50-500.00 µg/mL, respectively, whereas for the Gram-negative bacteria, the MIC and MBC values were 125.00-250.00 and 250.0-1000.00 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the MIC and MBC values for methanolic extract against Gram-positive bacteria were 250.00-500.00 µg/mL and against Gram-negative bacteria were 1000.00 µg/mL, respectively. Both of the extracts exhibited bactericidal effects on test bacteria with the MBC/MIC ratio ≤4. Further, detail of the effects of the ethyl acetate extract on the bacterial cells was observed from the scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs which revealed the severity of the morphological deterioration experienced by the extract-treated cells were beyond repair, and the most possible mode of actions were by interrupting the cell wall biosynthesis and cell membrane permea...

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“…In Turkey, the pathogen was reported causing post-harvest fruit rot of Citrus limon in Mersin province (Awan et al, 2016) and both cankers and dieback on Prunus persica in Adana province (Endes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Pest Status In Turkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Turkey, the pathogen has been reported on fruits of Citrus limon (Awan et al, 2016) and on branches of Prunus persica (Endes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Host Plant Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Commodity risk assessment of Juglans regia plants from Turkey

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by 2-year-old grafted bare rooted plants for planting of Juglans regia imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Turkey. The relevance of any pest for this Opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria. Two EU quarantine pests, Anoplophora chinensis and Lopholeucaspis japonica, and three pests not regulated in the EU, two insects (Garella musculana, Euzophera semifuneralis) and one fungus (Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae), fulfilled all relevant criteria and were selected for further evaluation. For these pests, the risk mitigation measures proposed in the technical dossier from Turkey were evaluated by considering the possible limiting factors. For these pests, an expert judgement was given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the risk mitigation measures acting on the pests, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. While the estimated degree of pest freedom varied among pests, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae was the pest most frequently expected on the commodity. The expert knowledge elicitation indicated, with 95% certainty, that 9,554 or more grafted bare rooted plants per 10,000 will be free from Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae.

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First Report of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Postharvest Fruit Rot of Lemon in Turkey

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Identification of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot of Citrus in China

Identification of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot of Citrus in China

Antibacterial activity of an endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae IBRL OS-64 residing in leaves of a medicinal herb, Ocimum sanctum Linn

Commodity risk assessment of Juglans regia plants from Turkey

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