First report of Stemphylium leaf blight of garlic (Allium sativum) caused byStemphylium vesicariumin Turkey

Beşirli, Gülay; Sönmez, İlker; Yavuz, Burcu

doi:10.5197/j.2044-0588.2012.025.029

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Stemphylium leaf blight was first identified from India in 1975 on garlic, Rao and Pavgi [8] and has subsequently been recorded in USA, Shishkoff and Lorbeer [9], South Africa, Aveling and Naude [10]; Aveling and Snyman [11], Spain, Basallote et al [12], Brazil, Boiteux et al [13] and Turkey, Polat et al [14]. The genus Stemphylium comprises 28 phylogenetically distinguished plant pathogenic species, Woudenberg et al [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Stemphylium vesicarium Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

Gedefaw¹,

Gezahegn²,

Fekadu³

et al. 2019

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A suspected fungal disease was observed on onion leaves during survey in onion fields of the central rift valley of Ethiopia in the offseason in 2019. The disease symptoms were round to oval small spots on onion leaves which coalesce to form blighted leaves that change to brown lesion and black sporulation with time. The disease was of high incidence (up to 95.2%) and severity (up to 4.67) where in some fields it has been causing early plant senescence and reduced bulb size during harvest with massive yield loss, named to be "Yeshinkurt Ebola" to mean "Ebola of onion" by farmers. Dirty white to light grey front colony color and light brown to deep brown reverse colony color with alternative white and brown band fungal growth were isolated from infected onion leaf samples. The conidia were olive brown, oval to ovoid, oblong and ovoid to oblong are born on conidiophores. Pathogenicity of the pathogen was confirmed on 45-days-old onion (cv. Nafis) plant, and it was identified as Stemphylium vesicarium based on cultural, morphological and pathogenic results. This is the first report of S. vesicarium, the causative agent of onion stemphylium leaf blight.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Stemphylium vesicarium Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

Gedefaw¹,

Gezahegn²,

Fekadu³

et al. 2019

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“…As for the aerial part, together with rust, the key aerial disease is leaf blight caused by Stemphylium spp. ( Basallote et al, 1993 ), which has been described in many countries worldwide, including India ( Raghayendra and Pavgi, 1975 ), South Africa ( Aveling and Naude, 1992 ), Spain ( Basallote et al, 1993 ), Australia ( Suheri and Price, 2000 ), China ( Zheng et al, 2008 ), and Turkey ( Polat et al, 2012 ). The occurrence of this disease drastically reduces garlic yield every year by as much as 70% in some fields ( Zheng et al, 2010 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stemphylium Leaf Blight of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Spain: Taxonomy and In Vitro Fungicide Response

Gálvez¹,

Gil-Serna²,

García³

et al. 2016

The Plant Pathology Journal

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The most serious aerial disease of garlic is leaf blight caused by Stemphylium spp. Geographical variation in the causal agent of this disease is indicated. Stemphylium vesicarium has been reported in Spain, whereas S. solani is the most prevalent species recorded in China. In this study, Stemphylium isolates were obtained from symptomatic garlic plants sampled from the main Spanish production areas. Sequence data for the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 region enabled assignation of the isolates to the Pleospora herbarum complex and clearly distinguished the isolates from S. solani. Conidial morphology of the isolates corresponded to that of S. vesicarium and clearly discriminated them from S. alfalfae and S. herbarum on the basis of the size and septation pattern of mature conidia. Conidial morphology as well as conidial length, width and length:width ratio also allowed the Spanish isolates to be distinguished from S. botryosum and S. herbarum. Control of leaf blight of garlic is not well established. Few studies are available regarding the effectiveness of chemical treatments to reduce Stemphylium spp. incidence on garlic. The effectiveness of nine fungicides of different chemical groups to reduce Stemphylium mycelial growth in vitro was tested. Boscalid + pyraclostrobin (group name, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors + quinone outside inhibitors), iprodione (dicar-boximide), and prochloraz (demethylation inhibitors) were highly effective at reducing mycelial growth in S. vesicarium with EC50 values less than 5 ppm. In general, the effectiveness of the fungicide was enhanced with increasing dosage.

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“…Later, S. vesicarium was reported to cause leaf blight of onion and garlic in Spain and leaf blight of garlic in Brazil (Basallote et al, 1993;Boiteux et al, 1994). Polat et al (2012) reported the first occurrence of S. vesicarium causing stemphylium blight of garlic in Turkey.…”

Section: Distribution and Status Of The Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colonies of S. vesicarium on potato carrot agar media (PCA) were effuse grey to brownish grey in colour, olivaceous brown to black and somewhat velvety, formed concentric rings, were flat, attaining a diameter of 50 mm after 7 days with sparse aerial mycelium growth (Arzanlou et al, 2012;Polat et al, 2012). Twenty four isolates of S. vesicarium collected from different onion growing areas in terms of cultural, morphological and molecular aspects.…”

Section: Cultural Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of S. botryosum, conidia were olive brown, oblong or muriform in shape with three constricted transverse septa while as, the size of conidia varied from 78 × 24 to 13 × 8 µm andthat of conidiophores varies from 25×2 to 285× 6µm in different species of Stemphylium (Bayaa and Erskine, 1998;Camara et al, 2002). Polat et al (2012) observed that conidia of S. vesicarium, were pale to mid brown or olivaceous brown, verrucose, with upto six transverse and several longitudinal septa mostly constricted at the major transverse septa. Arzanlou et al (2012) propounded that immature conidia of S. vesicarium on PCA were ellipsoid, rounded at the ends.…”

Section: Morphological Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stemphylium Blight of Onion: A Review

Hassan

Yousuf

Shah

et al. 2020

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Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most important crop grown throughout the world. Onion suffers from many diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and abiotic factors. Among them fungal diseases stemphylium blight is the most serious and devastating disease of onion limiting the quality and quantity of both bulb and seed. The present review is mainly focused on variability associated with Stemphylium vesicarium and its integrated management. Variability studies are important to document the changes occurring in the population and individuals with variability in morphological, cultural and pathogenic characteristics so as to breed the varieties with durable resistance to the stemphylium blight of onion andidentification of source of resistance against the range of virulence present in the pathogen population. Further, management of stemphylium blight of onion through fungicide application is feasible, however, long term usage of fungicides has led to the resistance development in pathogens besides hazardous environmental consequences associated with their use. The most efficient and economical method to mitigate the menace of this disease is therefore, integrated disease management (IDM) approach where other non-chemical ecofriendly management strategies are integrated with chemical methods in order to manage the diseases more efficiently with reduced use of chemicals. Among non-chemical ecofriendly management strategies biological control is gaining interest as an alternative or complement to chemical treatment of the disease. The present review paper deals with distribution, symptomatology, pathogenicity, variability and integrated management.

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First report of Stemphylium leaf blight of garlic (Allium sativum) caused byStemphylium vesicariumin Turkey

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

First Report of <i>Stemphylium vesicarium</i> Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

First Report of <i>Stemphylium vesicarium</i> Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

Stemphylium Leaf Blight of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Spain: Taxonomy and In Vitro Fungicide Response

Stemphylium Blight of Onion: A Review

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First report of Stemphylium leaf blight of garlic (Allium sativum) caused byStemphylium vesicariumin Turkey

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

First Report of &lt;i&gt;Stemphylium vesicarium&lt;/i&gt; Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

First Report of &lt;i&gt;Stemphylium vesicarium&lt;/i&gt; Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

Stemphylium Leaf Blight of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Spain: Taxonomy and In Vitro Fungicide Response

Stemphylium Blight of Onion: A Review

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First Report of <i>Stemphylium vesicarium</i> Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia

First Report of <i>Stemphylium vesicarium</i> Causing Onion Stemphylium Leaf Blight in Ethiopia