Five radiocarbon datings of Post Glacial shorelines in Central Spitsbergen

Feyling-Hanssen, Rolf W.; Olsson, Ingrid U.

doi:10.1080/00291955908551761

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In Billefjorden in central Spitsbergen, raised strandlines occur to a height of about 90 m above sea level. Feyling-Hanssen (1955) and Feyling-Hanssen & Olsson (1960) have demonstrated that the strandlines below 55 m reflect a decelerating rate of land uplift from about 10,000 B.P. until at least 4000 B.P.…”

Section: Kapp Ekholm Billefjordenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial history of the Spitsbergen archipelago and the problem of a Barents Shelf ice sheet

Boulton

1979

Boreas

154

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The popular concept of a Late Weichselian ice sheet covering the Barents Shelf and confluent with the Scandinavian and Russian ice sheets is based primarily on the 6500 B.P. isobase which rises to the east over Spitsbergen, and to the west over Franz Joseph Land. Analysis of uplift curves from the Spitsbergen archipelago shows, however, that the strongest early Holocene uplift occurs over northeastern Spitsbergen and eastern Nordaustlandet, falling both to east and west, and that the centre of uplift migrates to the southeast during the Holocene. Direct evidence of glacier fluctuation indicates an important Billefjorden Stage of glaciation at about 11,000 to 10,000 B.P., part of whose extent can be defined by moraines and by abrupt changes in the marine limit. The dominant ice masses of the Billefjorden Stage seem to have formed over eastern Spitsbergen, Edgeøya, Barentsøya and southern Hinlopenstretet, and it is the decay of this ice mass which is primarily responsible for the pattern of early Holocene uplift. Stratigraphic evidence suggests the absence of an important glacial event at 18,000–20,000 B.P., but an important phase of Spitsbergen‐centred glaciation at about 40,000 B.P., and a glacial phase at 80,000–120,000 B.P. It is suggested that many raised beach sequences outside the Billefjorden readvance show an upper sequence related to deglaciation at about 40,000 B.P., and a lower, Holocene sequence related to decay of the Billefjorden ice. The anomalous pattern of late Holocene uplift may be related to restrained rebound produced by regeneration of ice on the main islands of the archipelago and unrestrained rebound on Hopen and Kong Karls Land, which were incapable of sustaining large ice masses of their own. A pattern of LateGlacial climatic circulation which may have produced ice masses on the east coast of Spitsbergen, west coast of Novaya Zemlya and north coast of Russia is suggested. It is also suggested that this pattern of glaciation produced features which have been wrongly interpreted as evidence of a Barents ice sheet.

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Section: Kapp Ekholm Billefjordenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial history of the Spitsbergen archipelago and the problem of a Barents Shelf ice sheet

Boulton

1979

Boreas

154

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“…The lrminger Current probably started to influence the northeastern Labrador Sea about 10ka BP when warm-water dinoflagellates increased (De Vernal and Hillaire-Marcel, 1987). Similarly establishment of a suite of boreal molluscs in Svalbard after 10 ka BP, including M. edulis and C. islandica, (Feyling-Hanssen and Olssen, 1960) signals establishment of the North Atlantic Drift and the warm West Spitsbergen Current. The oldest radiocarbon dates on M. edulis from Svalbard are 9375 ± 80 BP (DIC-3076;Forman, 1990) and 9360± 110 BP (T-3098;Salvigsen and Ôsterholm, 1982); a sample containing C. islandica dated 9535 ± 90 BP (DIC-3055;Forman, 1990).…”

Section: Molluscan Zones At 10 Ka Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Molluscs as Indicators of Environmental Change in Glaciated North America and Greenland During the Last 18 000 Years

Dyke¹,

Dale²,

McNeely³

2007

gpq

116

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ABSTRACTDated mollusc collections are classified in assemblages to map paleo-faunistic zones. Hiatella arctica and Mya truncata account for almost half the records and comprise a restricted arctic assemblage. Arctic assemblages comprise 70% and arctic-dominated assemblages 80% of the database. Fifteen species dominate but 170 taxa are recorded. At last glacial maximum, the arctic zone extended from the Arctic Ocean to the Grand Banks. The boreal zone in the western Atlantic was compressed. The subarctic zone, which today dominates eastern Canada, was small. The boreal zone was extensive in the eastern Pacific where subarctic and arctic zones were compressed. Zones shifted northward during deglaciation and the arctic zone diversified when Bering Strait submerged 10.5-10.3 ka BP. Western Arctic molluscs during Younger Dryas time indicate shallow waters warmer than present. Major North Atlantic currents were established 9.5-9.0 ka BP. The subarctic zone extended to the head of Baffin Bay and a boreal zone became established in West Greenland 9-8 ka BP, with intensive changes about 8.5 ka BP. We relate the latter to the reduction of Mackenzie River discharge and in sea ice export to the North Atlantic as Laurentide ice withdrew from Mackenzie headwaters. The extended subarctic zone in Baffin Bay persisted until 3 ka BP and then retreated about 1000 km on the Canadian side. Boreal-subarctic molluscs in the Gulf of St. Lawrence before 9.5 ka BP derived from the glacial refugium. High boreal-subarctic molluscs farther north probably migrated from Europe. We postulate that the Labrador Current acts as a one-way valve for mollusc migrations at glacial-interglacial scales.

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“…Due to isostatic uplift the resulting beach plains will slope so that forelands prograde and older beach ridges will be more elevated than those that are younger. The slope gradient therefore depends upon the rate of emergence and progradation of the shoreline, resulting in rapid (~N 10 mm/year scale) or slow (~1-10 mm/year scale) displacement (inferred from, Feyling-Hanssen and Olsson, 1960). At Fredheim, marine terrace four (MT4) displays the most rapid uplift, as inferred by the distance between the highest and lowest elevations of each terrace in combination with age constraints from the shell fragments, showing progradation of approximately 15.1 mm/year between 11,235 and 10,574 cal.…”

Section: Landform Development and Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Holocene patterns of change in a High Arctic coastal landscape, Southern Sassenfjorden, Svalbard

Sessford¹,

Hormes²

2015

Geomorphology

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Five radiocarbon datings of Post Glacial shorelines in Central Spitsbergen

Cited by 48 publications

References 2 publications

Glacial history of the Spitsbergen archipelago and the problem of a Barents Shelf ice sheet

Glacial history of the Spitsbergen archipelago and the problem of a Barents Shelf ice sheet

Marine Molluscs as Indicators of Environmental Change in Glaciated North America and Greenland During the Last 18 000 Years

Reconstruction of Holocene patterns of change in a High Arctic coastal landscape, Southern Sassenfjorden, Svalbard

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