Flame retardancy of carboxylated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane modified layered double hydroxide in the process of leather fatliquoring

Abstract

Carboxyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(P[POSS‐MAA]) modified layered double hydroxides (LDHs) (P[POSS‐MAA]‐LDHs) was prepared by exfoliating and recombination method, which used P(POSS‐MAA) and LDHs attracted each other through electrostatic force and hydrogen bond. The structure and morphology of P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope, which showed that LDHs was exfoliated and P(POSS‐MAA) was on the surface of LDHs. Then it was introduced into the modified zanthoxylum bungeanum seed oil(MZBMSO) to obtain MZBMSO/P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs and applied it in leather fatliquoring process. The effect of the introduction of P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs on the flame retardancy, thermal stability, thermal insulation and smoke suppression of leather was investigated. Compared to the MZBMSO treated leather, the after flame time of MZBMSO/P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs treated leather decreased from 84 s to 32 s, and the limiting oxygen index increased from 23.1% to 27.5%, which exhibited improvement on flame retardancy of the leather. The temperature at 50% mass loss of MZBMSO/P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs treated leather increased from 375.1 to 408.3°C, which showed improvement on thermal stability of the leather. And the leather treated by MZBMSO/P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs had reduction of the total heat release and the total smoke production around 26.8% and 65.7%, respectively, which showed that MZBMSO/P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs treated leather had heat insulation and smoke suppression. Flame retardant mechanism of MZBMSO/(P(POSS‐MAA)‐LDHs) treated leather involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. This work provided a new material for the flame retardant field and expanded the application range of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(POSS).

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel DOPO-Based Flame Retardant Intermediate and Its Flame Retardancy as a Polystyrene Intrinsic Flame Retardant

“…However, polystyrene is easy to burn when heated, which will release toxic gases and a large amount of smoke, and can melt, drip, and flow in the combustion process, thus making the fire spread. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the flame retardant performance of polystyrene. − According to the flame retardant system, it mainly includes mineral flame retardant, halogen flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, silicone flame retardant, biobased flame retardant, and so on. − Among them, halogen flame retardants are all the rage, but they are prohibited because of their toxicity and bioaccumulation. ,,− Phosphorus flame retardants have attracted much attention because of their excellent flame retardant efficiency and environmental friendliness, and have gradually become one of the research hotspots in today’s society. ,,,− Phosphorus flame retardants mainly include ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives. ,,,, Phosphorus flame retardants will produce phosphoric acid or similar substances during thermal degradation, which can inhibit the combustion process of the condensed phase. In addition, PO · radicals produced by phosphorus flame retardants have a gas phase flame retardant effect. ,, …”

Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Bifunctional Additives with both Flame Retardant Properties and Antistatic Properties via ATRP

“…In general, flame retardants are added to polymer materials to improve the flame retardancy of polymer materials . The flame retardant systems mainly include mineral flame retardants, − halogen flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants, − silicone flame retardants, − bio-based flame retardants − and phosphorus flame retardants. − Among them, a mineral flame retardant needs to be added in a large amount to achieve a flame retardant effect, which will have a certain influence on other properties of materials and halogen flame retardants are prohibited in many fields because of their high toxicity. The application of nitrogen flame retardants is limited due to their low thermal stability.…”

Imparting Fire Retardancy and Smoke Suppression to Leather during Tanning Processes

“…In the tannery industry, fire protection features of leather are commonly achieved through a finishing process, most often accomplished by applying a coating to the leather surface by spraying, roller coating, or a pad-dry cure method using products containing flame retardant (FR) additives . However, new strategies to impart fire protection characteristics to leather during retanning, fatliquoring, and dyeing processes have been considered. These have focused mainly on the addition of nanoparticles, which may become incorporated into leather fibers .…”