Flame retardant properties of oil palm trunk particleboard with addition of epoxy resin as a binder and aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide as additives

Abstract

This research aimed at investigating the effect of epoxy resin and flame retardant additives on oil palm trunk particleboard. The oil palm trunk was used as a raw material with epoxy resin as a binder, which was synthesized by a reaction of epichlorohydrin and phenolphthalein, while aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide were used as flame retardant additives to manufacture particleboards. Four different types of particleboards were produced, control board, board with 10% epoxy resin, board with 10% epoxy resin and 6% aluminium hydroxide and board with 10% epoxy resin and 6% magnesium hydroxide, based on a target density of 0.80 g cm −3 , at a temperature of 180 • C, a pressure of 5 MPa and a pressing time of 20 min. The mechanical, physical, functional group, spectroscopic, morphological and elemental analysis properties were determined in comparison with control particleboard. Thermal degradation and flame retardant analyses were also carried out to analyse the thermal properties of particleboards. The results indicated that particleboard bonded with epoxy resin and flame retardant additives had improved mechanical, physical, thermal and flame retardant properties compared to control oil palm trunk particleboard. Overall results showed that epoxy resin as a binder and aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide as additives have the potential to be incorporated into the particleboard to improve flame retardant properties.

Controllable fabrication of a hybrid containing dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate modified magnesium borate whisker/hydrated alumina for enhancing the fire safety and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

“…Under these conditions, the mechanical properties of the polymer composites deteriorate. 11,12 To address these issues, many researchers concentrated on modifying the surface of HA using silane coupling agents, stearic acid, or titanate coupling agents. The results reveal that surface modification of HA can not only improve the extent of dispersion in the polymer matrix but also help increase the degree of interface adhesion between HA and the polymer matrix.…”

Tribological and Mechanical Performance of Epoxy Reinforced by Fish Scales Powder

“…Recent critical reviews about natural resource protection and recycling have led to renewed interest in biomaterials such as sisal [12], palm and jute fibers [13][14][15][16]. However, many researchers have mentioned a considerable improvement in the performance of composite fibers reinforced by plants fibers caused by the weak interfacial bonding between the hydrophobic polymers and hydrophilic plants fibers like palm fibers and jute sisal [17].…”

Improving the curing and flame retardancy of epoxy resin composites by multifunctional Si-containing cyclophosphazene derivatives

“…Therefore, it is urgent to endow EP resins simultaneously with ame retardancy, low curing temperature and high curing rate. [4][5][6][7] Various additives, such as halogen compounds, 8 and aluminium based, 9,10 nitrogen based 11 and phosphorus based ame retardants, 7 can be used to improve the ame retardancy of epoxy resins. However, they all show certain limitations.…”

“…The mechanical properties of the EP resin are reduced due to the addition of a large amount of ame retardant. [8][9][10] Even some additives, such as halogen compounds, potentially release corrosive and toxic chemicals during combustion, which easily causes secondary injury to people. 8 Fortunately, bulk ame retardant products are prepared by introducing ame retardant groups into the molecular chain of EP resin, which can overcome these shortcomings.…”