Flexible Modern Power System: Real-Time Power Balancing through Load and Wind Power

Basit, Abdul; Ahmad, Tanvir; Ali, Asfand Yar; Ullah, Kaleem; Mufti, Gussan Maaz; Hansen, Alexander

doi:10.3390/en12091710

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The results demonstrated the ability of DR control loop for LFC performance in the SG perspective. An active power balance control strategy that stressed the integration of flexible loads and wind energy in AGC is suggested in [112]. The study revealed that the incorporation of flexible loads and wind power into the AGC system can eradicate the fluctuations via provisioning of active power support to the real-time imbalances.…”

Section: Agc In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Automatic generation control (AGC) is primarily responsible for ensuring the smooth and efficient operation of an electric power system. The main goal of AGC is to keep the operating frequency under prescribed limits and maintain the interchange power at the intended level. Therefore, an AGC system must be supplemented with modern and intelligent control techniques to provide adequate power supply. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various AGC models in diverse configurations of the power system. Initially, the history of power system AGC models is explored and the basic operation of AGC in a multi-area interconnected power system is presented. An in-depth analysis of various control methods used to mitigate the AGC issues is provided. Application of fast-acting energy storage devices, high voltage direct current (HVDC) interconnections, and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in the AGC systems are investigated. Furthermore, AGC systems employed in different renewable energy generation systems are overviewed and are summarized in tabulated form. AGC techniques in different configurations of microgrid and smart grid are also presented in detail. A thorough overview of various AGC issues in a deregulated power system is provided by considering the different contract scenarios. Moreover, AGC systems with an additional objective of economic dispatch is investigated and an overview of worldwide AGC practices is provided. Finally, the paper concludes with an emphasis on the prospective study in the field of AGC.

show abstract

Section: Agc In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [7], the impact of flexible load and wind power integration on power system imbalance is discussed. Cold storage rooms are considered as flexible loads as they can provide demand response.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Power Control In Modern Power System Through Demand Side Response

Shah¹,

Ahmad²,

Uddin³

et al. 2019

IJEW

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Integration of renewable energy sources in power system has increased rapidly in recent years due to environmental effects such as climate change and global warming. Renewable sources provide clean and sustainable energy but it has some negative effects on power system. Renewable sources are mostly inertia-less sources and they increase instability in system. Frequency deviations are main indicator of their fluctuation because of their variable energy nature. To stabilize frequency, spinning reserves are there. Most of generators providing spinning reserves are fossil fuel generators, their operation is costly and not environment friendly. To minimize dependence on spinning reserves, demand side response is a method, which can provide frequency reserves cheaply and have a fast response. Demand side response is to shift loads of end users from peak hours to off-peak hours in response to frequency deviations or any contingency in power system with agreement with end users. This paper proposes the use of demand response through load management. Direct control method is used to control loads of end users. In response to frequency deviations, loads are ON/OFF to stabilize the frequency. For that purpose, a simple microgrid is designed in MATLAB/SIMULINK comprises of Solar PV and diesel generation sources. Loads are controlled through simple controller, which monitor frequency and act accordingly. Different scenarios are simulated, with demand side response and without demand side response. The results showed that with demand side response, frequency can be stabilizing quickly and system can be prevented from instability.

show abstract

“…The power system planners employ various scheduling mechanisms to deploy the extra amount of reserve, keeping the power grids in a balance condition. Conventionally, the additional reserves are provided manually or through automatic generation control (AGC) considering only the economic operation in the account [2]. As a result, large fluctuations in the line power flow occur, which subsequently increases the risk of transmission lines overloading during the power balancing operation [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Line Overload Alleviations in Wind Energy Integrated Power Systems Using Automatic Generation Control

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Modern power systems are largely based on renewable energy sources, especially wind power. However, wind power, due to its intermittent nature and associated forecasting errors, requires an additional amount of balancing power provided through the automatic generation control (AGC) system. In normal operation, AGC dispatch is based on the fixed participation factor taking into account only the economic operation of generating units. However, large-scale injection of additional reserves results in large fluctuations of line power flows, which may overload the line and subsequently reduce the system security if AGC follows the fixed participation factor’s criteria. Therefore, to prevent the transmission line overloading, a dynamic dispatch strategy is required for the AGC system considering the capacities of the transmission lines along with the economic operation of generating units. This paper proposes a real-time dynamic AGC dispatch strategy, which protects the transmission line from overloading during the power dispatch process in an active power balancing operation. The proposed method optimizes the control of the AGC dispatch order to prevent power overflows in the transmission lines, which is achieved by considering how the output change of each generating unit affects the power flow in the associated bus system. Simulations are performed in Dig SILENT software by developing a 5 machine 8 bus Pakistan’s power system model integrating thermal power plant units, gas turbines, and wind power plant systems. Results show that the proposed AGC design efficiently avoids the transmission line congestions in highly wind-integrated power along with the economic operation of generating units.

show abstract

Flexible Modern Power System: Real-Time Power Balancing through Load and Wind Power

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

Active Power Control In Modern Power System Through Demand Side Response

Line Overload Alleviations in Wind Energy Integrated Power Systems Using Automatic Generation Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About