Flow characteristics in a model of a left ventricle in the presence of a dysfunctional mitral mechanical heart valve

Mirvakili, Nasibeh; Labbio, Giuseppe Di; Saleh, Wael; Kadem, Lyes

doi:10.1007/s12650-019-00611-3

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In Vitro Hydrodynamic Testing: The functionality of the printed valves under physiological conditions was evaluated using a custom-made heart duplicator system previously described and validated. [58] Briefly, the system is composed of anatomical elastic models of the left ventricle, left atrium, and aorta. The ventricle contraction was reproduced using a high-precision linear motor (Servo Drive E100-RS, NTI AG, Switzerland) controlled by a custom-made LabVIEW code (National Instruments, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Evaluation of PVA/Gelatin/Carrageenan Inks for 3D Printing and Development of Tissue‐Engineered Heart Valves

Jafari,

Vahid Niknezhad,

Kaviani

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Congenital and acquired valvular heart diseases (VHDs) are significant causes of mortality worldwide. With valve replacement being the primary solution for VHD, current options display shortcomings, including calcification, thrombogenicity, and hemodynamic alteration, leading to repetitive surgeries. Tissue engineering, however, has shown great potential for fabricating heart valves (HVs) with fewer complications. Here, a series of inks are developed, combining poly(vinyl alcohol), gelatin, and carrageenan for 3D printing of tissue‐engineered heart valves (TEHVs). The inks/hydrogels are investigated to characterize their physico‐chemical, morphological, mechanical, and rheological characteristics. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, immune response, hemolysis, and thrombogenicity of the inks/hydrogels are also evaluated. Moreover, in vitro hydrodynamics of the TEHVs under physiological conditions are reported. Inks demonstrate mechanical characteristics comparable to native leaflets. Subcutaneous implantation reveals that the hydrogels do not induce chronic inflammation and can undergo remodeling. In vitro hemocompatibility assessments of the hydrogels show minimal hemolysis with low thrombogenicity. Different sizes and types of HVs are successfully printed with high fidelity in the air. In vitro hydrodynamic assessment confirms that the TEHVs can withstand aortic conditions. Altogether, the 3D‐printed TEHVs can be a promising alternative for valve replacement to solve the problems associated with the current options.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Evaluation of PVA/Gelatin/Carrageenan Inks for 3D Printing and Development of Tissue‐Engineered Heart Valves

Jafari,

Vahid Niknezhad,

Kaviani

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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“…This is due to the spatial and temporal limitations of the measuring instruments, the opacity of the blood flow and its non-Newtonian properties, the need not to disturb the flow and the complexity, and sometimes the impossibility of direct measurements inside the heart. In recent years, laser Doppler velocity meters, ultrasound and tomography complexes, microPIV technique and other measuring instruments have been used in experiments [13][14][15][16][17]. But they have their advantages and disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Characteristics of Flow Field through Open and Semi-Closed Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve

et al. 2020

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The formation of thrombi on the streamlined surface of the bileaflet mechanical heart valves is one of the main disadvantages of such valves. Thrombi block the valve leaflets and disrupt the cardiovascular system. Diagnosis of thrombosis of the bileaflet mechanical heart valves is relevant and requires the creation of effective diagnostic tools. Hydroacoustic registration of the heart noise is one of the methods for diagnosing the operation of a mechanical heart valve. The purpose of the research is to determine the statistical characteristics of the vortex and jet flow through the open and semi-closed bileaflet mechanical heart valve, to identify hydroacoustic differences and diagnostic signs to determine the operating conditions of the valve. Experimental studies were conducted in laboratory conditions on a model of the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart between which there was the bileaflet mechanical heart valve. Hydrodynamic noise was recorded by miniature pressure sensors, which were located downstream of the valve. The vortex and jet flow behind the prosthetic heart valve were non-linear, random processes and were analyzed using the methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory. The integral and spectral characteristics of the pressure field were obtained and the differences in the noise levels and their spectral components near the central and side jets for the open and semi-closed mitral valve were established. It was shown that hydroacoustic measurements could be an effective basis for developing diagnostic equipment for monitoring the bileaflet mechanical heart valve operation. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2020-0204-1 Full Text: PDF

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4D Flow Patterns and Relative Pressure Distribution in a Left Ventricle Model by Shake-the-Box and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis

Wu,

Saaid,

Voorneveld

et al. 2023

Cardiovasc Eng Tech

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Purpose Intraventricular blood flow dynamics are associated with cardiac function. Accurate, noninvasive, and easy assessments of hemodynamic quantities (such as velocity, vortex, and pressure) could be an important addition to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases. However, the complex time-varying flow brings many challenges to the existing noninvasive image-based hemodynamic assessments. The development of reliable techniques and analysis tools is essential for the application of hemodynamic biomarkers in clinical practice. Methods In this study, a time-resolved particle tracking method, Shake-the-Box, was applied to reconstruct the flow in a realistic left ventricle (LV) silicone model with biological valves. Based on the obtained velocity, 4D pressure field was calculated using a Poisson equation-based pressure solver. Furthermore, flow analysis by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the 4D velocity field has been performed. Results As a result of the Shake-the-Box algorithm, we have extracted: (i) particle positions, (ii) particle tracks, and finally, (iii) 4D velocity fields. From the latter, the temporal evolution of the 3D pressure field during the full cardiac cycle was obtained. The obtained maximal pressure difference extracted along the base-to-apex was about 2.7 mmHg, which is in good agreement with those reported in vivo. The POD analysis results showed a clear picture of different scale of vortices in the pulsatile LV flow, together with their time-varying information and corresponding kinetic energy content. To reconstruct 95% of the kinetic energy of the LV flow, only the first six POD modes would be required, leading to significant data reduction. Conclusions This work demonstrated Shake-the-Box is a promising technique to accurately reconstruct the left ventricle flow field in vitro. The good spatial and temporal resolutions of the velocity measurements enabled a 4D reconstruction of the pressure field in the left ventricle. The application of POD analysis showed its potential in reducing the complexity of the high-resolution left ventricle flow measurements. For future work, image analysis, multi-modality flow assessments, and the development of new flow-derived biomarkers can benefit from fast and data-reducing POD analysis.

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Flow characteristics in a model of a left ventricle in the presence of a dysfunctional mitral mechanical heart valve

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Formulation and Evaluation of PVA/Gelatin/Carrageenan Inks for 3D Printing and Development of Tissue‐Engineered Heart Valves

Formulation and Evaluation of PVA/Gelatin/Carrageenan Inks for 3D Printing and Development of Tissue‐Engineered Heart Valves

Statistical Characteristics of Flow Field through Open and Semi-Closed Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve

4D Flow Patterns and Relative Pressure Distribution in a Left Ventricle Model by Shake-the-Box and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis

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