Fluidized bed combustion fly ash as filler in composite polyurethane materials

Kuźnia, Monika; Magiera, Anna; Pielichowska, Kinga; Ziąbka, Magdalena; Benko, Aleksandra; Szatkowski, Piotr; Jerzak, Wojciech

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.012

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Usually, the use of fillers contributes to a significant increase in these parameters. Similar observations were made by Gu et al [27], Prociak et al [28] and Kuźnia et al [29]. The obtained values of processing times during the use of EPC for the synthesis of RPU/PIR foams were close to the results obtained during research on the use of rapeseed cake in a polyurethane formulation [30].…”

Section: Foaming Processsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil Cake on the Properties of Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Bio-Composites

Paciorek‐Sadowska

Borowicz

Isbrandt

2021

IJMS

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Rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (RPU/PIR) foam formulations were modified by evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil cake as a bio-filler in the amount of 5 to 50 wt.%. The obtained foams were tested in terms of processing parameters, cellular structure (SEM analysis), physico-mechanical properties (apparent density, compressive strength, brittleness, accelerated aging tests), thermal insulation properties (thermal conductivity coefficient, closed cells content, absorbability and water absorption), flammability, smoke emission, and thermal properties. The obtained results showed that the amount of bio-filler had a significant influence on the morphology of the modified foams. Thorough mixing of the polyurethane premix allowed better homogenization of the bio-filler in the polyurethane matrix, resulting in a regular cellular structure. This resulted in an improvement in the physico-mechanical and thermal insulation properties as well as a reduction in the flammability of the obtained materials. This research provided important information on the management of the waste product from the edible oil industry and the production process of fire-safe RPU/PIR foams with improved performance properties. Due to these beneficial effects, it was found that the use of evening primrose oil cake as a bio-filler for RPU/PIR foams opens a new way of waste management to obtain new “green” materials.

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Section: Foaming Processsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil Cake on the Properties of Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Bio-Composites

Paciorek‐Sadowska

Borowicz

Isbrandt

2021

IJMS

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“…For instance, the degradation rate of PUR-REF and SFP-30 is 0.0034 %/°C, while for LG-SFP-30 it is 0.0032 %/°C, and for LG-SFP-20 it is 0.0030 %/°C. This can be attributed to the assumption that filler particles in composite systems absorb part of the heat generated during the decomposition process [ 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

et al. 2021

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The study analyses rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam modified with 10–30 wt.% sunflower press cake (SFP) and liquid glass-impregnated sunflower press cake (LG-SFP) particles and their impact on performance characteristics of PUR foams—foaming behaviour, rheology, thermal conductivity, compressive strength parallel and perpendicular to the foaming directions, tensile strength, dimensional stability, short-term water absorption by partial immersion, and thermal stability. Even though the dynamic viscosity and apparent density were increased for SFP and LG-SFP formulations, thermal conductivity values improved by 17% and 10%, respectively, when 30 wt.% of particles were incorporated. The addition of SFP and LG-SFP particles resulted in the formation of more structurally and dimensionally stable PUR foams with a smaller average cell size and a greater content of closed cells. At 30 wt.% of SFP and LG-SFP particles, compressive strength increased by 114% and 46% in the perpendicular direction, respectively, and by 71% and 67% in the parallel direction, respectively, while tensile strength showed an 89% and 85% higher performance at 30 wt.% SFP and LG-SFP particles loading. Furthermore, short-term water absorption for all SFP and LG-SFP modified PUR foam formulations was almost two times lower compared to the control foam. SFP particles reduced the thermal stability of modified PUR foams, but LG-SFP particles shifted the thermal decomposition temperatures towards higher ones.

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“…This difference means that WA particles are capable of shifting T 5 wt.% degradation temperature towards higher temperature, reduce weight loss, and increase thermal stability of WAPU foams. This behavior can be attributed to the barrier effect provided by some filler particles, including WA [46][47][48]. Additionally, a slight positive effect can be observed in the first stage.…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Pu and Wapu Foamsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thermal degradation interval of WAPU-10 foam is in the range of 174 to 239 °C with a peak at 211°C while WAPU-30 and WAPU-50 have the first stage degradation interval of (147 ÷ 246) °C with a peak at 222 and 159 to 241 °C with a peak at 217 °C, respectively. It is seen that 10 wt.% of WA particles shifted the stage one thermal degradation interval towards higher temperature by delaying the escape of volatile degradation products from PU [48].…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Pu and Wapu Foamsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fire Suppression and Thermal Behavior of Biobased Rigid Polyurethane Foam Filled with Biomass Incineration Waste Ash

et al. 2020

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Currently, there is great demand to implement circular economy principles and motivate producers of building materials to integrate into a closed loop supply chain system and improve sustainability of their end-product. Therefore, it is of great interest to replace conventional raw materials with inorganic or organic waste-based and filler-type additives to promote sustainability and the close loop chain. This article investigates the possibility of bottom waste incineration ash (WA) particles to be used as a flame retardant replacement to increase fire safety and thermal stability under higher temperatures. From 10 wt.% to 50 wt.% WA particles do not significantly deteriorate performance characteristics, such as compressive strength, thermal conductivity, and water absorption after 28 days of immersion, and at 32 • C WA particles improve the thermal stability of resultant PU foams. Furthermore, 50 wt.% WA particles reduce average heat release by 69% and CO 2 and CO yields during fire by 76% and 77%, respectively. Unfortunately, WA particles do not act as a smoke suppressant and do not reduce smoke release rate.

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Fluidized bed combustion fly ash as filler in composite polyurethane materials

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil Cake on the Properties of Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Bio-Composites

Effect of Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil Cake on the Properties of Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Bio-Composites

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Fire Suppression and Thermal Behavior of Biobased Rigid Polyurethane Foam Filled with Biomass Incineration Waste Ash

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