Fluorescence/Colorimetry/Smartphone Triple-Mode Sensing of Dopamine by a COF-Based Peroxidase-Mimic Platform

Abstract

Simple and accurate monitoring of urinary dopamine (DA) concentration is significant, which is helpful for the assessment or exclusion of catecholamine-producing tumors, such as pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Herein, a fluorescence/ colorimetry/smartphone triple-mode sensing platform for DA determination was constructed using copper ion (Cu 2+ )-modified hydrazone-linked covalent organic frameworks (Cu-BTA-COF). Cu-BTA-COF with 21.67 wt % copper content exhibited peroxidase-mimic activity. After adding H 2 O 2 and 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, the Cu-BTA-COF platform can sensitively and selectively detect DA in three modes with consistent results. In fluorescence/colorimetry/smartphone modes, the linear ranges of DA were 1−10, 0.2−40, and 1−10 μM, with related detection limits of 7.2, 8.6, and 23 nM, respectively. Moreover, the Cu-BTA-COF platform can be explored for DA determination in human urine samples with satisfactory recoveries (97.6−100.4%) in all the three modes, suggesting the potential practical application of the Cu-BTA-COF platform for DA detection in urine.

Single-Atom Indium Boosts Electrochemical Dopamine Sensing

“…3−5 Hence, developing an advanced approach with high sensitivity and selectivity for DA detection is necessary. Previously, many techniques such as colorimetry, 6,7 fluorescence, 8,9 electrochemistry, 10,11 and electrochemiluminescence 12,13 have been utilized for sensitive and selective detection of DA. Among them, electrochemical sensors with the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, and rapid response have attracted great attention in recent years.…”

“…As an important neurotransmitter, dopamine (DA) can regulate many physiological functions of the central nervous system. , Dysregulation of the DA system is associated with Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, Tourette syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome, and pituitary tumor. − Hence, developing an advanced approach with high sensitivity and selectivity for DA detection is necessary. Previously, many techniques such as colorimetry, , fluorescence, , electrochemistry, , and electrochemiluminescence , have been utilized for sensitive and selective detection of DA. Among them, electrochemical sensors with the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, and rapid response have attracted great attention in recent years. − Electrocatalysts including graphene, noble metals, and metal oxides have been devoted to achieving the detection of trace targets .…”

Facile fabrication of luminescent Tb@HOF-based films as a highly sensitive platform for detecting nicotine and its metabolite cotinine via fluorescence sensing and a smartphone

“…As a product of AI, smartphones, due to their portability and practicality, have become a powerful tool for quickly processing the uorescence intensity of captured digital images and converting them into red-greenblue (RGB) values for the quantitative detection of analytes. 27,28 The combination of smartphones and uorescence sensors exhibits huge potential for practical applications in the onsite and quantitative detection of nicotine gas and cotinine, and could greatly promote the development of uorescence sensors.…”

Ratiometric Fluorescence/Colorimetry/Smartphone Triple-Mode Real-Time Detection of Doxorubicin by Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots

“…Combining a smartphone with ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetry may construct a better optical triple-mode sensor for target analytes. These triple-mode sensing platforms can achieve a self-checking method by comparing the individual mode detection outcomes to gain more reliable and accurate results . To date, there is no report on the triple-mode sensing of DOX using CDs.…”

“…These triple-mode sensing platforms can achieve a selfchecking method by comparing the individual mode detection outcomes to gain more reliable and accurate results. 23 To date, there is no report on the triple-mode sensing of DOX using CDs. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescence, colorimetry, and smartphone triple-mode sensor for the detection of DOX using nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs; Scheme 1).…”