“…As smartphones are emerging as the most promising monitoring devices, providing portability, affordability, and rapidity, they can be used as readout [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 ], image-processing [ 111 , 112 ], or operating tools [ 55 , 113 ] on diagnostic platforms. Furthermore, LAMP has been applied in diagnostic systems using smartphones owing to its various monitoring mechanisms, including color change, fluorescence, and turbidity, which can be implemented on smartphones.…”